1,现在完成时中(点动词)短暂性动词与延续性动词的转化,2,短暂性动词,也称做点动词、非延续性动词或瞬间动词。 表示动作不能延续，只是一瞬间就结束的动作。,3,常见的短暂性动词,come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, become, borrow, get up 等,4,.它们可以用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结 果还存在,e.g. He has come back. The film has begun.,5,2.在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以用表示一段时间的状语来修饰,e.g. I havent heard from Uncle Wang for a long time. We havent seen him since 1992. She hasnt left home all her life.,6,在以下句型中，短暂性动词要转换成延续性动词：,现在完成时态的肯定句中，有for或since引导的，或其他种类的表示一段时间的时间状语,例如：He has died for 20 years. 这句话就是错误的。 die是一个瞬间动词，需要转化为延续性动词。 句子改为 He has been dead for 20 years.,非延续性动词要转换成延续性动词，方法主要有以下三种：,7,1. 实义动词转化成实义动词,1. borrow,keep,2. buy,have,3. put on,wear,8,2. 转化成be+形容词或介词,1. go there,be there,2. come here,be here,3. come back,be back,4. die,be dead,5. leave,be away (from),6. open,be open,7. close,be closed,8. go/get out,be out,9,9. finish/end,be over,10. become,be,11. get up,be up,12. begin/start(上演),be on,10,3. 转化成be+名词（词组）,20. join the Party,be in the Party,be a Party member,be a member of the Party,11,21. join the army,be in the army,be a soldier,12,句型转换:,His grandfather died five years ago.,13,句型转换:,His grandfather died five years ago.,His grandfather has been dead for five years .,His grandfather has been dead since five years ago.,Its five years since his grandfather died.,Five years has passed since his grandfather died.,14,His brother borrowed the book two weeks ago.,15,His brother borrowed the book two weeks ago.,His brother has kept the book for two weeks .,His brother has kept the book since two weeks ago.,Its two weeks since his brother borrowed the book .,Two weeks has passed since his brother borrowed the book .,16,His brother joined the army two years ago.,17,His brother joined the army two years ago.,His brother has been in the army for two years .,His brother has been in the army since two years ago.,Its two years since his brother joined the army .,Two years has passed since his brother joined the army .,18,8B unit2 课课练 grammar部分有相关练习 可自行完成，核对答案,相关练习,