课时作业14Astronomy: the science of the stars.课标单词阅读词汇明其义1fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的2chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链3dissolve vt. & vi. 溶解；解散4acid n. 酸5multiply vi. & vt. 乘；增加6gravity n. 万有引力；重力7extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的8exhaust vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽9satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星10spaceship n. 宇宙飞船写作词汇悉其用1atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛2solar adj. 太阳的；日光的3thus adv. 因此；于是4gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的5climate n. 气候6crash vi. & vt. 碰撞；坠落7pull n. & vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力8float vi. & vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n. 漂浮物9system n. 系统；体系；制度10theory n. 学说；理论拓展词汇通其变1globe n. 球体；地球仪；地球global adj. 全球性的；全世界的2violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的violence n. 暴力violently adv. 暴力地；猛烈地3unlike prep. 与不同；不像like vt. 喜欢 prep. 像dislike vt. 不喜欢；讨厌likely adj. 可能的4harmful adj. 有害的harm n. & vt. 伤害harmless adj. 无害的5exist vi. 存在；生存existence n. 存在；生存6puzzle vt. & vi. (使)迷惑；(使)为难 n. 谜；难题puzzled adj. 感到困惑的puzzling adj. 令人困惑的7religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰religious adj. 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的8biology n. 生物学biologist n. 生物学家9reaction n. 反应；回应react v. 反应语境活用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1There was a puzzled look on the little girls face because a puzzling problem puzzled her. (puzzle)2Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use violence whatever happens. (violent)3Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health, but it is also harmful to your mental health. So there is no harm in advising you to give it up. (harm).课标短语短语速记1in_time 及时；终于2lay_eggs 下蛋3give_birth_to 产生；分娩4in_ones_turn 轮到某人5prevent.from 阻止；制止6.block_out 挡住(光线)7cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋8now_that 既然9break_out 突发；爆发10watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防11do harm to. 对有害语境活用(选用上面的短语填空)1The government took immediate measures and the disease was prevented_from spreading.2Please tell me when Mr Smith is arriving at the train station so that I can pick him up in_time.3At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket, which broke_out at ten this morning.4Mum, you had me do the cleaning yesterday, so today Tom, in_his_turn,_should do the washing!5To ensure good sleep, she bought a heavy curtain to block_out the light.6When the Chinese women volleyball team turned up, all the fans cheered_up.重点句型教材还原1When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths.我们离月球越近，就会感觉到月球的引力在吸引我们，但不如地球的引力那么强。2The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球活动变得越发剧烈，以至于该形状能否保持下去尚不明确。3This produces a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to begin to develop.这引起连锁反应，使得生命开始发展成为可能。4But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但当我试着向前迈步时，我发现我被送出很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。5“Oh dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天啊，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”基础写作1成功会鼓励人们重复过去的行为，它远不如失败那样是位好老师。Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure.2这些野花如此特别，我一定要竭尽所能来挽救它们。These wild flowers are so special that I would do whatever I can to save them.3他及时的帮助使得我们按时完成任务成为了可能。His timely help makes it possible for us to finish the work on time.4这个城市的人口将近是苏州人口的两倍。The population of this city is nearly twice as large as that of Suzhou.5既然我无事可做，我可以享受一会儿音乐了。Now that I have nothing to do, I can enjoy music for a little while.语篇整合话题与语篇填空The earth was just 1.a cloud of dust after the “Big Bang”. The earth exploded 2.loudly (loud) with fire and rock. They were in time to produce many things, which were 3.to_make (make) the earths atmosphere. As the earth cooled down，water began to appear on its surface. It allowed the earth to dissolve 4.harmful (harm) gases. Then life began to develop.Small plants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen. This encouraged the 5.development (develop) of early shellfish and fish. Land animals such as insects, reptiles and dinosaurs 6.appeared (appear) after green plants began to grow on land. Small clever animals spread all 7.over the earth. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, 8.which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. 9.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can 10.be_solved (solve)话题与短文改错5