Active reading 1,Mapping,Embarkation,Navigation,Destination,Resources,Interpreting across paragraphs to understand argument points Identifying supporting evidence for opinions Practice linking devices Practice using different ways to express the same meaning,Learning Objectives,Picture Description,Word Association,Sympathy vs. empathy,1,Interview,Prediction,Picture Description,1. Work in pairs and describe how the people below feel. ( Seven Basic Emotions by Paul Ekman) 2. Discuss how you usually express these emotions and why.,surprise,disgust,contempt,fear,joy,sadness,anger,Word Association,Work in pairs and fill in the blanks with the opposites.,Robert Plutchik created a wheel of emotions in 1980 which consisted of 8 basic emotions and 8 advanced emotions each composed of 2 basic ones.,More,Basic emotions,sadness,sadness,anger,acceptance,acceptance,anger,surprise,surprise,More,Advanced emotions,disappointment,disappointment,love,love,contempt,contempt,awe,awe,Empathy vs. sympathy,Read the definitions in Exercise 1 on page 16 and work in your group to decide whether the following feelings or actions are a result of sympathy or empathy. Write S for sympathy and E for empathy.,More,Sympathy Vs Empathy,_ sending a card to someone who is in hospital _ feeling happy because your friend has won a scholarship to a prestigious university _ trying to comfort someone who has had bad news _reacting physically when you see that someone is in pain _ collecting money to help the victims of a natural disaster _ crying at the end of a film,S,S,E,E,E,E,Summary: Sympathy= I can imagine your pain. Empathy= I feel your pain.,Interview,Make a mini role-play in pairs:,St. A = an interviewer who wants to know the difference between “sympathy” and “empathy” St. B = an expert who gives a full answer, with one or two examples. The situations on page 16 may help you.,Prediction,Check ( ) the following statements about babies which you think are true.,More,Prediction,_ 1 Babies dont feel emotions. _ 2 They only cry when they are hungry or in pain. _ 3 They cry when other babies cry. _ 4 They have a strong feeling that they exist as individuals. _ 5 They are jealous of other babies. _ 6 They sometimes try to help other babies.,Text organisation,Text evaluation,Identifying examples,Understanding examples,Referents,2,Text exploration,Timeline,Text organization,Work in your group to complete the flow chart to get a general understanding of the text. Try to use your own words.,More,Flow chart,feel sympathetic distress,motor mimicry empathy,understand the difference,individual differences appear,The development of the empathy starts very early in human development.,Timeline,Complete the timeline to see how empathy developed in children.,More,Timeline,feel others pain,1-2,2-3,When ?,confused,What ?,What ?,-1,Mimicry fades,Reactions differ,Age,Development,Identifying examples,Identify the examples (facts) used in the text. The left-hand column refers to other childrens distress while the right-hand column empathetic reactions.,More,Identifying examples,Empathic response,Others distress,Root in infancy,Feel the difference but confused,No imitation but comfort,Phase,Reactions differ,click,click,click,Examples for infancy,Example 2,A baby fell,Tears welled up in Hopes eyes (9 months old) and he crawled off to be comforted,Michael (15- month-old) got teddy bear for him,Paul kept crying,Michael retrieved his security blanket,Paul cried,Example 1,Root in infancy,Back,Examples for under 1,A friend cried,A One-year-old brought his own mother to comfort while ignoring the friends mother,A baby hurts fingers,A One-year-old puts her own finger in mouth,Mother cried,Baby wiped own eyes,Example 2,Example 1,Example 3,Feel the difference but confused,Back,Examples for comforting,No imitation but comfort,Neighbors baby cries,Jenny gives cookies, follows around, whimpers to herself, stroke hair,Baby calms down,Jenny looks worried, brings toys, pats head and shoulders,Example,Back,Understanding examples,Work in your group to discuss:,1. How are the examples in paragraph 1 different from the ones used in other paragraphs? 2. Which idea of empathy is supported by many of the examples? 3. Which one is the longest?,children from different age groups feel sympathetic distress = feel other childrens pain and discomfort Jennys,wider range in age; introduce the thesis,Understanding examples,more words and the longest,Back,4. Which one is the strangest? 5. Which one do you think best illustrates the idea of empathy?,Why security blanket ,not cookies or else? Funny instead of strange.,Feel pain and can comfort,Understanding examples,Michaels Jennys behaviour,Referents,Identify the coreferent in the same paragraphs (except for toddler) and the type of linking device (word substitution or pronoun). Follow the example.,In a text, ideas can be linked together using devices which may refer to something already