1 小升初英语专项练习：情态动词 一、 情态动词的定义： 情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人 称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形。 二、 情态动词的种类： 情态动词有 can (could), may, must, have to, shall (should), will (would), need 等，这些是小学 阶段需掌握的情态动词。 三、 情态动词的用法： 一、 can, (could 过去式） 1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能） 。 Can you lift this heavy box?（体力） Mary can speak three languages.（知识） Can you skate?（技能） 2) 表示请求和允许。 Can I go now? Could Can you help me? - Yes, of course.Certainly. Sure. Could Can you tell me the way to the Zoo? 3) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度） ，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 Can this be true? This cant be done by him. How can this be true? 二、 may 1) 表示请求和允许。否定回答时可用 cant 或 mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。 - May I smoke in this room? - No, you mustnt. - May I take this book out of the room? - Yes, you can. (No, you cant / mustnt) 用 May I.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用 Can I.？在口语中更常见。 2）表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句） 。 1He may be very busy now. 2Your mother may not know the truth. 3）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! 三、 must, have to 1) must 表示必须、必要, 带有命令强制口气；而 have to 表示不得不，很勉强，强调客观需 要。 You must come in time. We must help each other. My sister is ill; my mother has to look after her. I had to work when I was your age. 注意：must 的否定形式 mustnt 表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。 在回答由 must 引起的疑问句时， 如果是否定的， 不能用 mustnt （禁止， 不准） ， 而用 neednt, dont have to（不必要） 。 - Must we hand in our exercise books today? - Yes, you must. - No, you dont have to / you neednt. 2) must 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句） ，意思为“一定是,必然”。 1 Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes best. 2 Your mother must be waiting for you now. 四、 shall, 1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。 What shall we do this evening? 2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 1. You shall fail if you dont work hard.(警告) 2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺) 3. He shall be punished.(威胁) 五、 should 和 shouldnt 表示 应该 劝告、建议。 2 I should help her because she is in trouble. You should go to class right away. She shouldnt play computer games too much. 六、will （过去式 would） 1) 做助动词，表示一般将来时，将要。 He will be home at six. Bob will leave school next month. 2) 作为情态动词时表示“愿意”“意愿”“会”。 I will help you. I will never do that again. Will / Would you pass me the ball, please? (一)根据所学情态动词，填写适当形式。 1) _ you like to go fishing with me? 2) _ I go home now? No, you _ stay here.3) You _ take more exercise. 4) The clock _ tell us the time. 5) _ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park? 6) My mother is ill. I _ stay at home and look after her. 7) _ you like some tea? 8) Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you _. 9) _ I use your car? Yes, you _. 10) _ we play football this afternoon? (二) 按要求改写句子。 1. I can swim fast. I _ _ fast. (否定句) 2. You must return the books now.（一般疑问句） - _ I the books now? - No, you _. 3. They could take the books out of the room. （否定句） They _ _ the books out of the room. 4. He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句） _ he _ basketball well? 5. You should get up early. (否定句) You _ get up late. 6. Could I borrow your pen? (肯定否定回答) (三) 对划线部分提问。 1. We mustnt pick the flowers in the park. 2. We should plant more trees. 3. I would you like some cakes to eat? 4. She could swim five years ago. 5. We should protect animals because they are our good friends . 6.Tom could go to the cinema (电影院) with his sister . (四)、圈出正确答案。 1）Lucy should her homework now. A. finishes B. finishing C. finished D. finish 2）My mother would back soon. A. came B. comes C. come D. will come 3）Could you me a hand. A. giving B. gives C. given D. give 4）Should I now. A. started B. starting C. start D. starts 5） I take this one? A. Could B. Will C. Are D. Do 6）- Can you speak English? - No, I . A. mustnt B. cant C. couldnt D. may not 7）You go and see a doctor because you had a fever(发烧). A. could B. might C. should D. would 8）Jim come tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. should B. might C. would D. should 9）The children play football on the road. A. couldnt B. could C. must D. mustnt 10）- Can I take this book out. - No, you . A. must not B. could not C. will not D. arent 11）I like to go with you. A. could B. would C. should D. will 12）She is bleeding (流血). She go to hospital quickly. 3 A. could B. would C. should D. will 13）You watch TV after finishing your homework. A. would B. can C. must D. should 14）It is late. I go home now. A. could B. would C. should D. will 15）- What I do at the meeting? A. has to B. would like C. should D. not should 16） you tell me where the WenHua Market is? A. could B. must C. should D. have 1 John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may B. need C. cant D. must 2 John isnt in the classroom. He play soccer on the playground with Bob. A. can B. must C. should D. cant