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考研英语技巧先行模糊阅读法 模糊阅读是指要求考生遇到较难语言信息时,只需根据个别信息或上下文判断较难语言信息传递的是褒义还是贬义或是肯定还是否定,如此即可。这种阅读方法对于理解原文和解决难题都有很大的帮助。那么,这种方法究竟应该如何应用呢,在此,给大家进行简单的介绍。 考 研教育网 第一、利用模糊阅读法理解原文。 考研学生一定要明白一点,大部分情况下,局部信息的难点不构成考点,就算构成考点也往往是词汇题,可以通过上下文来解题。越是难的地方越要有把握大方向的意识,这对于连贯了解行文思路,保证文章理解的完整性都是非常重要的。 例1、 It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30 minutes surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great healthcare system can cure death and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.(xx年考研真题) 一般的考生看到“Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30 minutes surgical procedure”这句话都会感到头大。但是如果引用模糊阅读法,我们只需要判断这句话所要传达的内容是褒义还是贬义,是肯定还是否定。“can be”和“controlled”这些词汇都比较简单,并且能传递出正面含义,所以可以判断这句话传递的是一件好的事情,这就够了。如果不能根据本句话得出以上分析,那么我们可以扩大范围,利用上下文来分析。比如我们可以利用下文“Such advances offer”来分析:由于主语是“such advances”,表明上文信息是正面的褒义的,是一件好事,分析到此也就够了。 例2、 During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.(xx年考研真题) 本段中“a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse”构成考生理解的障碍,但是我们不能知道局部信息的精确含义,我们就采用模糊阅读法。通过“or”一词我们可以判断“a pink slip”,“a bad diagnosis”,“a disappearing spouse”三个部分是并列的,又从bad一词可以判断是负面信息,具有贬义色彩,所以只要理解为这里讲了一些不好的事情,这就够了。模糊阅读法告诉我们,阅读高手会有所为有所不为! 第二、利用模糊阅读法解决难题。 如果试题是根据原文中较难理解的内容设计,那么模糊阅读法就会显得更为必要,它会让考生把握大方向,跳出令人头晕的字母串,驾驭式地找到题目的答案。 例1、 When it es to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isnt biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isnt cutting, filling or polishing as many nails as shed like to, either. Most of her clients spend $ 12 to $ 50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. 51. By “Ellen Spero isnt biting her nails just yet”(Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means_. A)Spero can hardly maintain her business. B)Spero is too much engaged in her work. C)Spero has grown out of her bad habit. D)Spero is not in a desperate situation. (xx年考研真题) 本题的关键是选择A还是D的问题,当年38%的学生选择A,而40%的学生选择D.虽然本题基于原文的精确理解再分析会有相当难度,但是如果运用模糊阅读法,这个题目就会变得相对简单。本题要求理解第一句话的内容,第二句话以“But”开头,说明第一句与第二句之后的内容在含义上应该大体是相反的。第二句话虽然有“manicurist”,“filling”, “polishing”等考生较难理解的信息,但是第三句话提供了第二句话并列信息,而且更好理解,从“but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up”我们不难判断,这里讲的是一件负面的事情,言外之意,与之相反的第一句话应该讲一件正面的事情才对。据此,我们分析A和D选项,就能较快判断 A(Spero几乎不能维持生意)是负面的,D(Spero并未处于艰难境地)是正面的,故选择D. 例2、 For younger families, the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and share of it borne by families have risen and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families future healthcare. 33.Aording to the author, health-savings plans will_. A)help reduce the cost of healthcare. B)popularize among the middle class. C)pensate for the reduced pensions. D)increase the families investment risk.(xx年考研真题) 解答本题的基本方法是根据“Both the absolute cost of healthcare and share of it borne by families have risen and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families future healthcare”这句话提供的信息来解答33题。但是很多考生的反应是看不懂这个句子,或理解比较吃力。如果运用模糊阅读法,本题就会变得简单多了: 第一步、运用“模糊阅读法”看文章: (1)我们首先看本句中有没有体现正面反面或肯定否定的局部语言信息:通过“the absolute cost of healthcare and share of it borne by families have risen”这部分我们应该可以了解“成本上升”的信息,是一件不好的事情;紧跟着是“and”引导的成分,而“and”的功能是表示并列,说明之后说的事情在正面反面或肯定否定上和“and”之前是一致的,综合来说,整句话讲的是一件不好的事情。至此,后面的题目就可以分析出答案了。 (2)如果考生觉得根据这个长难句的内容进行分析有困难,那么我们可以扩大分析范围,看看上下文。我们刚才分析的长长的难句,之前却是一句较短较简单的句子“For younger families, the picture is not any better”(“对于年轻家庭而言,情况也同样糟糕”),这句话比较好理解,同时这句话提示我们两点:第一,后面要讲年轻家庭的事情了,第二,内容是涉及年轻家庭遇到的负面事情,这样我们就更加简单快捷地了解了刚才这个长难句所要传递的大概感情色彩了,到此后面的题目就有解了! 第二步、利用正反面和褒贬义做题目 刚才是通过模糊阅读法了解原文表达负面情况传递贬义色彩,我们再看对应的33题的四个选项,发现A选项中的“help”,B选项中的 “popularize”和C选项中的“pensate for”都是褒义的,讲正面的事情,而原文体现的是一件负面的事情,故选择D选项。 归根结底,模糊阅读法就是引导考生在做题过程中,学会避难就 内容仅供参考
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