年月TOEFL语法讲解 作者： 日期：9 1992年01月语法题1.In the textile industry, the term gunny refers to -burlap that is not of the best quality.(A)not expensive a (B)expensive, not(C)not an expensive(D)an inexpensive答案：D测试点：定语间序分析：短语refer to后面应接名词宾语(burlap，麻布)，此名词前缺冠词及形容词 (A)及(C)否定词序是错误的。(B)expensive为形容词，不能作宾语。2.The skyscraper, - ,is an architectural form that originated in the United States.(A)is a tall commercial structure(B)a tall commercial structure(C)a tall commercial structure which(D)of which a tall commercial structure答案：B测试点：同位语分析：位于主语和系动词之间，两边用逗号隔开的成份，一般是后置定语或同位语答案中(B)是名词性结构，可作同位语，故选(B)(A)多了动词；(C)(D)含从句成份解题要点：这是典型的同位语考题当主语与谓语之间有空格，且有逗号分隔，应首先考虑名词同位语结构3.- were stones piled at intervals.(A)The earliest road markers(B)The earliest road markers, which(C)Road markers were the earliest(D)Until the earliest road markers答案：A测试点：主语分析：本句有系动词而缺主语，应在答案中选名词性的词组，即(A)4.Some procedures used for laboratory analysis of archaeological specimens are - procedures conducted in crime laboratories.(A)resemble(B)similar to(C)same as(D)alike答案：B测试点；习语表语。分析：空格前为系动词are，所缺为表语。应在答案中选择形容词或名词性的成份。 (B)similar to是形容词短语，可作表语；其后可带procedures作介词宾语，故选(B)(A)是动词；(C)前缺冠词the；(D)alike是形容词，只能作表语，不能带宾语5.The windmill, which has been used for hundreds of years to pump water and grind grains, - redesigned to produce electricity.(A)it is now being(B)it now can(C)is now being(D)now being答案：C测试点：谓语被动语态分析：本句有主语但谓语不完全，应选择能与redesigned组成完整谓语的答案(C)可与redesigned构成被动语态，故选(C)(A)重复主语；(B)重复主语且can后应接动词原形；(D)不是谓语形式。解题要点；此句含有一冗长的非限定性定语从句，可忽略不读。6.In 1938, when Benny Goodmans orchestra presented a concert at the prestigious Carnegie Hall, - was clear that jazz had at last been fully accepted.(A)There(B)Which(C)And(D)It答案：D测试点：形式主语分析：句子所缺为主语，空格后为系动词+形容词+that从句，说明that从句不是宾语或定语从句，而是句子真正的主语，所缺为形式主语故选(D)it7.- a continuous mass of water on the Earths surface, all continents are islands in the strictest sense of the word.(A)The form of the oceans(B)Since the oceans form(C)To form the oceans(D)That the oceans form答案：B测试点：状语从句。分析：逗号后为主句，逗号前为状语从句。从句连接词、主谓语均缺，应在答案中选择连接词+主语+动词的形式，即(B)、(D)(D)That在句首为主语从句的形式，而句中所缺为状语从句，故选(B)。8.The spiral threads of a spiders web have a sticky substance on them - insects. (A)traps(B)trap its(C)which traps(D)which it traps答案：C测试点：主谓结构.分析：空格前为完整的句子，后接为定语从句修饰substance从句主、谓语均缺，应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式，即(C)(A)(B)缺主语；(D)重复主语9.- in 1635, the Boston Latin School is the oldest public school in the United States.(A)Founded(B)Founding(C)To found(D)Having founded答案：A测试点：分词短语分析：逗号后为句子，逗号前应为短语或从句答案中无从句根据句意，应选择(A)过去分词短语，其逻辑上的主语仍是后面句子的主语10.According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees - , with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.(A)facially(B)their faces(C)having facial(D)they had faces答案：A测试点；状语。分析：修饰动词resembled需用副词作状语，(A)是副词。11.The kettledrum produces different tones depending on whether - with sticks that have felt or sponge heads.(A)to strike(B)when struck(C)it is struck(D)striking it答案：C测试点；主谓结构分析：whether引导的从句中主，谓语均缺，应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式，即(C)12.- in the latter part of the fifteenth century as a substitute for richly embroidered tapestries.(A)Wallpaper that originated(B)The origination of wallpaper(C)Originated the wallpaper(D)Wallpaper originated答案：D测试点：主谓结构分析：本名主、谓均缺，应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式，即(D)(A)含从句成份；(B)无动词；(C)主谓颠倒13.- was the first fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.(A)Not until 1866(B)Until 1866, just(C)Until 1866(D)In 1866, not until答案：A测试点；倒装句。分析：本句主语位于助动词was与过去分词laid之间，句子用了倒装。应在答案中选择用于倒装句句首的副词，即(A)Not until解题要点；四个答案中如有Not until，应首先考虑Not until+倒装句是TOEFL常考题型14.Many of the Zuni people in the southwestern United States earn their livelihoods and achieve - as professional artists.(A)considered them popular(B)considerably popular(C)considering their popularity(D)considerable popularity答案：D测试点：宾语分析：及物动词achieve后应接宾语应在答案中选择名词性的成分作宾语，即(D)15.The flatter a hair appears under a microscope, - wavier it is.(A)although(B)which(C)and(D)the答案：D测试点：冠词“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构分析：这是TOEFL题中常见的结构看到句首的The flatter，就应想到句中应存在另外一个the+形容词比较级的对称形式。空格后为比较级的waver，缺定冠词the,故选(D)16.The word shore can be used rather of coastto mean the land bordering the seaABCD答案：B测试点：习语分析：In stead of是固定短语，不用rather17.A radio telescope is an instrument that collects and measured faint radio waves given off ABCDby objects in space.答案：C