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课外古诗词诵读,式微 诗经邶风 子衿 诗经郑风 送杜少府之任蜀州 王勃 望洞庭湖赠张丞相 孟浩然,式微,式微:天黑了。式:语气助词。胡:为什么。 微君:(如果)不是君主。微:(如果)不是。 中露:即露中,露水中。 躬:身体。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,式微,式微式微,胡不归?,天黑了天黑了,为什么还不回家?,微君之故,胡为乎中露?,如果不是为君主,何以还在露水中?,式微式微,胡不归?,天黑了天黑了,为什么还不回家?,微君之躬,胡为乎泥中?,如果不是为了养活你们,何以还在泥浆中!,诗经邶风,这是一首劳役者的悲歌,以咏叹的方式、质问的语气,直抒胸臆,堪称“饥者歌其食,芳者歌其事”的经典之作。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,重章换字,押韵和谐。体现了一唱三叹、余味无穷的特色。体现了诗经精巧凝练的语言,兼有长短的句式,节奏感强。式微诗短短32个字,就包含了三言、四言和五言等多种变化,工整与灵活相整合,参差错落,能极力地表达主人公,思想感情的起伏。而其句式的选择又是随着诗的内容和思想感情而灵活变化的,增强了诗的节奏感。总之,式微运用语言的艺术,非但韵律和谐优美,而且用词精巧。,子衿,子:男子的美称。 衿:衣领。 悠悠:深思的样子。 宁(nn):岂,难道。 嗣(s)音:继续通音信。嗣:继续。 挑(to)兮达(t)兮:即挑达,往来相见的样子。 城阙:城门两边的高台。,子衿,青青子衿,悠悠我心。,青青的是你的衣领,悠悠的是我的心境。,纵我不往,子宁不嗣音?,纵然我不曾去会你,难道你就此断音信?,青青子佩,悠悠我思。,青青的是你的佩带,悠悠的是我的情怀。,诗经郑风,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,纵我不往,子宁不来?,纵然我不曾去会你,难道你不能主动来?,挑兮达兮,在城阙兮。,我来回踱着步子呵,在这高高城楼上啊。,一日不见,如三月兮!,一天不见你的面呵,好像已有三月长啊!,这首诗写一个女子在城楼上等候她的恋人,表现了这位热恋中的女子焦急不安、情深意切的真挚感情。,全诗五十字不到,但女主人公等待恋人时的焦灼万分的情状宛然如在眼前。这种艺术效果的获得,在于诗人在创作中运用了大量的心理描写。诗中表现这个女子的动作行为仅用“挑”“达”二字,主要笔墨都用在刻画心理活动,如前两章对恋人既全无音信、又不见影,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,儿的埋怨,末章“一日不见,如三月兮”的独白。两段埋怨之辞,以“纵我”与“子宁”对举,急盼之情中不无矜持之态,令人生出无限想象,可谓字少而意多。末尾的内心独白,则通过夸张修辞技巧,造成主观时间与客观时间的反差,从而将其强烈的情绪心理形象地表现了出来,可谓因夸以成状,沿饰而得奇。,相鼠,相鼠有皮,人而无仪! 人而无仪,不死何为? 相鼠有齿,人而无止! 人而无止,不死何俟? 相鼠有体,人而无礼, 人而无礼!胡不遄死?,注释 1.相;视。 2.仪:威仪,指人的举止作风大方正派而言,具有尊严的行为外表。3.何为:为何,为什么。 4.止:假借为“耻”,廉耻。5.俟:等。“6.体:肢体。 7.礼:礼仪,指知礼仪,或指有教养。 8.胡:何,为何,为什么,怎么。 9.遄:快,赶快。,看那老鼠有张皮,却见有人没威仪。 却见有人没威仪,为何还活不倒毙! 看那老鼠有牙齿,却见有人无廉耻。 却见有人无廉耻,活着不死等何时! 看那老鼠有肢体,却见有人不懂礼。 却见有人不懂礼,何不赶快去断气!,读解鼠辈是丑陋的,令人厌恶的。中国人想出了众多词语来表达对鼠辈的厌恶感,比如贼眉鼠眼,鼠头鼠脑,鼠目寸光,老鼠过街人人喊打等等。可见老鼠是为人所不齿的。 用老鼠来说明讲礼仪守规矩的重要,把最丑的丑类同要庄严对待的礼仪相提并论,是极而言之。强烈的反差可以造成使人震惊的效果,而且还有一层特殊的幽默色彩,仿佛是告诉人们:,你看看,你看看,连鼠辈这么丑陋的东西看上去都像模像样,形容虽然猥琐,可也是皮毛俱全啊!瞧它的小样儿,有胳膊有腿,有鼻子有眼睛,竟也无可挑剔!于是,鼠辈就成了一面镜子,让不讲礼貌、不守礼仪的人从鼠身上照见自己。,无衣(秦风) p4 岂曰无衣?与子同袍。王于兴师,修我戈矛, 与子同仇。 岂曰无衣?与子同 。王于兴师,修我 , 与子 。,泽,矛戟,岂曰无衣?与子同 。王于兴师,修我 ,与子 。,裳,甲兵,偕行,偕作,背景简介,秦风无衣是一首秦国人民抗击西戎入侵的气势雄壮、激昂豪迈的出征歌。 秦国与居住在我国西北部的西戎接壤,他们经常发生战争。从秦国方面来看,这次战争具有保家卫国的正义性质,诗中表现出了秦国人民同仇敌忾、踊跃参军,奋勇出征的爱国热情和精神。,重章叠唱,递 进,(统一思想),(统一行动),(统一征战),同袍戈矛同仇 同泽矛戟偕作 同裳甲兵偕行,秦国人民抗击西戎入侵的军中战歌,团结友爱 不计困难,积极响应 齐心备战,同仇敌忾 勇赴战场,主题:,表现了秦国人民团结友爱、同仇敌忾、英勇抗敌的昂扬斗志和爱国精神,课外古诗词诵读,式微 诗经邶风 子衿 诗经郑风 送杜少府之任蜀州 王勃 望洞庭湖赠张丞相 孟浩然,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
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