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精品范文牛津英语5A英语语法(二)名词复数的规则变化_小学五年级英语教案牛津英语5a英语语法(二)名词复数的规则变化 情况 构成方法 读音 例词一般情况 加s 清辅音后读/s/浊辅音后和元音后读/z/ map-mapscar-cars以s,sh,ch,x 等结尾 加es 读/iz/ box-boxesclass-classes以ce,se,ze 等结尾 加s 读/iz/ license-licenses以辅音字母+y 结尾 变y 为i 再加es 读/iz/ baby-babies二其他复数的规则变化1) 以y结尾的专有名词或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。例如: the henrys m1)child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth注意::由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women,如an englishman,two englishmen.但german不是合成词,故复数形式为germans;bowman是姓,其复数是the bowmans.2)单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,chinese,japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the english,the british,the french,the chinese,the japanese,the swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。4) 以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。b. news 为不可数名词。c. the united states,the united nations 应视为单数。d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses trousers,clothes等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair;suit; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。6) 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼.四不可数名词对量的表示1)物质名词a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。比较:cake is a kind of food.蛋糕是一种食物。 (不可数)these cakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。 (可数)b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数。例如:this factory produces steel.(不可数)we need various steels.(可数)c. 当物质名词表示份数时,可数。例如:our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。2) 抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如:four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四个现代化物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量,如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice一则建议。练习题1.would you give me_, please?a.two papers b.two piece of paperc.two pieces of paper d.two pieces of papers2.there are three_and seven_in the picture.a.monkeys,sheeps b.monkeys,sheep c.monkies,sheep d.monkies,sheeps3.a lot of_are talking with two_.a.germans,frenchmans b.germen,frenchmans c.german, frenchmen d.germans,frenchmen4._people went out to see what had happened.a. thousands of b.three thousand of c.thousand of d.three thousands5.we have been in the school for_.a.three and a half monthb.three and a half monthsc.three month and a halfd.three month and halves6._english is_useful language.a. a, an b. /, a c. the, an d. a , /7.all the _ in the hospital got a rise last month.a. women doctors b. women doctorc. woman doctors d. woman doctor8._ travels faster when the zip code is indicated on the envelope.a. a little mail b. a piece of mail c. a mail d. a small mail9. he told me _ would come to his birthday party.a. many jack friends b. jacks many friendsc. many jacks friend d. many friends of jacks10.our teacher gave me _.a. an adviceb. the advice c. some adviced. much advice答案:1.c 2.b 3.d 4.a 5. b 6.b 7.a 8.b 9.d 10.c
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