高中英语阅读讲座（一）,主讲： 六合高级中学 周有美 2006-03-27,讲座主要内容,谈谈高中英语阅读 1、常见题材 2、常见体裁 3、测试要求,第一讲：阅读中的细节型试题,第二讲：阅读中的生词词义猜测,高中英语阅读常见题材,天文地理、科学技术,政治历史、文化教育,风土人情、生活常识,人物传记、新闻报道、,高中英语阅读常见体裁,1、记叙文,2、说明文,3、应用文,4、议论文,5、图表、,高中英语阅读测试要求,1、直接题 事实细节文中找 切莫自己凭想象,2、间接题 词语结构同义换 生词上下文中猜,高中英语阅读测试要求,3、推理判断题 事物发展合逻辑 文中寓意细领会,4、主旨大意题 段落大意需归纳 中心思想领全文,第一讲：阅读中的细节题, 明确中心内容，把握辨证关系， 体会作者意图，判断文章主题。, 细节孤立无意义，全文呼应有精彩， 正确答案文中藏，错误选择怪猜想。,细节型试题常见提问形式,*According to the passage, when (where,why,how, what, which, how many, how often ),*Which of the statements is true?,*Which of the statements is not true?,*Which of the statements is not mentioned in the passage?,*In the passage the writer states that,*What is the right order of the event?,细节型试题的几种解答方法,1、 词、句转换法,不可否认，细节题在文章中一定能找到答案，但是正确选项与文中原句往往不会一模一样，命题者常以释义（paraphrase)或重述（restatement)的形式来设计题目。因此，熟记近义词及词组，熟悉句型转换是正确解答此类题的关键。,例1： According to Dr. Wendy Gamble of the university of Arizona, kids dont need any instructions in lying. It comes naturally to them. Q: How do children learn how to lie? A. Instructions from parents B. School education C. Social experiences D. Basic instinct,According to Dr. Wendy Gamble of the university of Arizona, kids dont need any instructions in lying. It comes naturally to them.,“It is not parents or teachers that teach children how to lie.” 从最后一句更清楚的知道说谎是天生的，是一种本能，所以正确答案是D。“instinct”即“本能的”的意思。,According to Dr. Wendy Gamble of the university of Arizona, kids dont need any instructions in lying. It comes naturally to them. Q: How do children learn how to lie? A. Instructions from parents B. School education C. Social experiences D. Basic instinct,例2： Sally arrived early. As she walked around the old house, she couldnt help feeling sad because of what was about to happen. It was almost a year since her dear grandmother had passed away in this house at the age of ninety-two. The family had very much wanted to keep all her things. Unfortunately, the family business had failed and left them with heavy debts. The bank now forced them to have an auction sale to repay their debts. The auction was to be held today.,Q: Why did Sally feel sad when she came to the old house? A: Because her grandmother had died. B: Because her family were in heavy debts. C: Because she knew she could pay for the quilt. D: Because her family had to sell her grandmas belongings.,Sally arrived early. As she walked around the old house, she couldnt help feeling sad because of what was about to happen. It was almost a year since her dear grandmother had passed away in this house at the age of ninety-two. The family had very much wanted to keep all her things. Unfortunately, the family business had failed and left them with heavy debts. The bank now forced them to have an auction sale to repay their debts. The auction was to be held today.,Sallys grandmother had passed away and she left all her belongings.,Sallys familys business had failed and they were in heavy debts.,They had no choice but to sell what Sallys grandma had left to whoever offered the most money for it.,an auction sell=selling something to a person who offers the most money for it.,Sally felt very sad.,Q: Why did Sally feel sad when she came to the old house? A: Because her grandmother had died. B: Because her family were in heavy debts. C: Because she knew she could pay for the quilt. D: Because her family had to sell her grandmas belongings.,2、排除式结构,仔细阅读4个选项，带着选项的内容再去阅读短文。 一旦遇到与选项相似的信息，马上在这些信息下划线作为排除的内容。 排除3项与原文有关的内容后，所剩选项的内容确定在原文中找不到相应信息，即是正确答案。,常见的排除式结构的提问方式：,1. According to the passage, all of the following are true except that,2. In the passage, which of the following statements is not true?,3. What is not mentioned in the passage?,4. We can infer from the passage that ,例3： Every August on the island of Heimaey, off the southern coast of Iceland, young people often take a walk along the streets throughout the night. Whats more, their parents allow them to stay out. Why? The children of Heimaey are going to save young puffinssmall black and white seabirds.,The cliffs above the town are home to a large group of puffins. The birds dig holes all around the cliffs. These holes are their homes. The young birds stay in the holes for about seven weeks. Then they begin to leave. Some move slowly on their undeveloped wings and feet down to the northern Atlantic Ocean that surround Heimaey. There, they swim, which they can do naturally, and learn to dive for fish. Others, however, may lose their way at night and find themselves in the town instead. On the ground, the young seabirds are in trouble. Because their wings are not fully developed, they cannot take off quickly to sea and safety. The birds then become a good meal for cats and other animals.,For many years, islanders have helped the young puffins. Early at night in the late August, children carrying thick paper boxes and lights hurry to the seashore to catch puffins. They spend most of the night running after the birds. They put the b