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人教新目标版2020 中考英语八年级下册教材知识点梳理与练习 八年级英语 (下) Units 1 2 单元重点回顾 类别课标考点要求 重 点 单 词 1.matter(n.)问题;事 情 2.stomachache(n.)胃 痛;腹痛 3.foot(n.)脚;足 4.neck(n.)颈;脖子 5.stomach(n.)胃;腹部 6.throat(n.)咽喉;喉 咙 7.fever(n.)发烧 8.lie(v.)躺;平躺 9.rest(v. something (D)2. Could I watch TV? No,you _.You _ finish your homework first. A.couldnt can B.cant;can C.couldnt;must D.cant;must neither (八下 Unit 3 P19) 【举例透析】 She did not do any homework and neither did I.她一点作业都没有做,我也没有。 He cant swim.他不会游泳。 Neither can I.我也不会。 They dont like it.他们不喜欢它。 Neither does he.他也不喜欢。 Im not tired.我不累。 Neither am I.我也不累。 (neither 情态动词 /be 动词 /助动词主语 , 是常见的倒装句型,表示“后者也不”。) Neither answer is correct.两个答案都不对。 (neither可作形容词 , 表示“两者都不”, 放在单数名词前。) Neither of them has/have a car.他们两个人都没有车。 (neither可作代词 , 常与 of 连用 , 表示“两者都不。”) Neither my father nor I am interested in the film.我父亲和我都对这部电影不感兴趣。 (neithernor 表示“既不也不”;连接主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。) (D)1.(2018达州中考 ) Why dont you get used to the life in Beijing? _ the crowded traffic _ the high living cost.The only reason is the badly polluted air. A.Not only;but also B.Either;or C.Both ;and D.Neither; nor (C)2.Neither of my friends _ in Yibin. A.living B.to live C.lives D.are lived 辨析 borrow 与 lend (八下 Unit 3 P20) 【举例透析】 Jack borrowed lots of money from his friends,but he never paid it back.杰克从他朋友 那里借了很多钱, 但是他从来没有还过钱。 (borrow作动词 , 意为“借” , 用法: borrowfrom向借,表示借入。 ) I lent that book to Lucy yesterday. I lent Lucy that book yesterday.我昨天把书借给 露西了。 (lend 作动词 , 意为“借给;给予” , 过去式 lent,过去分词 lent ; 用法: lend sb.sth.lend sth.to sb., 表示借出。 ) (B) I _ an interesting book from my classmate. Could you please _ it to me? A.borrowed ;lend B.borrow;lent C.lend ;borrow D.lend; borrowed in order to (八下 Unit 3 P22) 【举例透析】 In order to finish writing his new book on time,he often stayed up late last year. 为了按时写完他的新书, 去年他经常熬夜到很晚。 In order not to make a difference to his own health,he keeps on running every morning. 为了不影响他自己的健康, 他坚持每天早晨跑步。 (in order to do sth. 表示“为了”, 可用于句首或句中。否定结构为:in order not to do sth.) He keeps writing English diaries _in_ _order_ _to_(为了 ) learn English well. allow (八下 Unit 4 P25) 【举例透析】 My parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友闲逛。 (allow作动词 , 意为“同意;允许”, 用法: allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事) I am not allowed to stay out past ten.我不被允许在外面待到十点以后。 (be (not) allowed to do sth.(不 ) 被允许做某事) (A)(2018孝感中考 )Attention,please! Without permission,children are not allowed _ alone here. A.to swim B.swimming C.swim D.swam instead (八下 Unit 4 P27) 【举例透析】 Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反 , 他看他想看的任何东西一 直到晚上很晚。 He is tired.Let me do it instead.他累了 , 让我来代替他做。 (instead作副词 , 意为“代替;然而;相反”。位于句首或句末。) I walked to school this morning instead of taking the bus.我走路到学校代替乘公共汽车。 I came instead of my brother.我代替我哥哥来的。 Who would like to solve this problem instead of him?你想让谁来代替他解决这个问题? (instead of 介词短语 , 意为“代替;而不是”。后面接名词, 代词 ,v. - ing ;位于句中。) (C)1.Its raining now.I would like to watch TV at home instead of _ soccer outside. A.play B.to play C.playing D.played (A)2.(2018安徽中考改编 ) May I use your computer,Mr.Black? Go ahead.I will use my iPad _. A.instead B.although C.since D.for 辨析 offer与 provide (八下 Unit 4 P27) 【举例透析】 The little boy offered his seat to an old woman on the bus. The little boy offered an old woman his seat on the bus.那个小男孩把他的位置让给了一位老妇人。 (offer作动词 , 意为“提供”;用法:offer sb.sth. offer sth._to_sb.为某人提供某物 He offers to help me with my homework.他帮助我做家庭作业。 (offer to_do sth.主动做某事 ) The school provided food for the students.The school provided the students with food. 这所学校为学生提供食物。 (provide作动词 , 意为“提供”,出于某种责任和义务为某人提供某物;用法: provide sb. with sth. provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物) (D)It is not the parents job to provide you _ help all the time.You kids also need to offer help _ them sometimes. A.to ;with B.for;to C.with ;with D.with;to return (八下 Unit 4 P28) 【举例透析】 She will return me the book tomorrow. She will return the book to me tomorrow.她明 天将把书还给我。 (return作动词 , 意为“归还;回”, 用法: return sb.sth.return sth. to sb.还给某人某物) We returned to school at five.We went back to school at five.我们五点返回学校。 (return togo/come back to,因此不再与back 连用。 ) 1. 你必须将书按时还给图书馆。 You must _return_ the books _to_ the library on time. (B)2. When did you _ to school yesterday? In the afternoon. A.return back B.return C.returned D.returned back 高频话题写作指导 烦恼与建议 话题解读 中学生处于特殊的成长时期, 既没有完全脱离家庭的影响, 又逐步形成了自己独特的人生观、世界观 和价值观。 所以 , 很多中学生都在学习或生活上存在一定的烦恼, 如学习效率的提升、与家人及朋友相处 等方面。另外, 就一些具体的事例、朋友的烦恼等提出自己的意见或建议, 也在生活中非常常见, 所以这 个话题的写作非常贴近中学生的日常生活, 也是中考作文容易考到的一个话题(2018 年内蒙古呼和浩 特 ,2018 年广西 ,2017 年浙江宁波 ) 。写作形式往往以书信或电子邮件为主。 写作素材包 常用作文开头语: 1.My name is Mary.I am a middle school student from No.15 Middle School.(自我介绍 ) 【试一试】今天我将把我的好朋友介绍给大家认识。 _Today_Ill_introduce_my_good_friend_to_all_of_you._ 2.I have something annoying to tell you and hope to get some help.(have sth.to do有某 事要做 ) 【试一试】我有一些麻烦事要解决。 _I_have_so
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