Newly progress of the Zn/Ni,single flow battery,Outline,Introduction Background,Newly progress,Experimental,Results of our team Results of others,Conclusion,Acknowledgment,Introduction Its urgent in demands of energy storage for use of renewable energies. frequency control,load regulation,UPS, and backup power sources,stabilizing electricity network and penetrating renewable energy,Introduction Redox flow battery, The,redox couples must be carried by the pumped,solutions; well-suited for transmission and distribution deferral applications; The advantages: moderate cost, modularity, transportability and flexible operation. + Scheme of typical redox flow cell: reversible electro-synthesis plant,Pump,Pump,2Br 2e, arge,2, 2e, arge,Zn , ,3,V 2,e, arg e,V , ,VO 2H e, arg e,Introduction Redox flow battery, Those,RFB systems demonstrated at a large scale require,expensive materials; Aiming to reduce costs and simplify the cell design, some new systems have been reported. But these systems still have shortcomings; A zinc nickel single flow battery is proposed by our team, in which almost no expensive materials are needed.,zinc/bromine flow battery,Br2 Zn,charge disch charge disch,ch arg e disch,all vanadium flow battery,2 disch,ch arg e,VO2 H2O, ,Background Zn/Ni single flow battery,2Ni(OH)2 2OH,2NiOOH2H2O2e,discharge charge,Pos.,Zn4OH,Zn(OH)24 2e,discharge charge,Neg.,+ _,Single electrolyte flow path, no membrane;,Modular, Scalable; Non-toxic; stable; Excellent Cycle life,NiOOH Zn,泵,Zn(OH)42- aq.,tage(V) Volt,ltage (V Vol,V),Capacity (mAh/cm ),Background Coulombic efficiency of above 95% and energy efficiency of above 85% were obtained with laboratory cell.,Fully charged,2,1.8 1.6,24h,2.0 1.5 1.0,positive (vs. Hg/HgO),5 C.E. 70.6%,1.4 1.2 1.0,48h,0.5 0.0 -0.5 -1.0,Negative (vs. Hg/HgO),93.0% 95.1% 96.0% 96.8%,0,5,10,15,20,25,0,20,40,60,80 100 120,-1.5,2 Self-discharge property (25mA/cm2),time Charge/discharge curves (25mA/cm2),i / A Log,Io/Acm : 1.3310,1E-3,Background Zn/Ni single flow battery Zinc morphology, mossy and crystalline; Tafel ananalysis, i00.01A/cm2; 0.1 0.01 -1 -1,:0.55 -2 -2 -1.40 -1.38 -1.36 -1.34 -1.32 Potential/Vvs.Hg/HgO,Current / A,I (mA),ge (V) Voltag,tion(%) apacity retent Ca,Coulomb bic Efficiency y,CPb,/ M:,4: 5,2: 5 5:,6: 5,3: 10,Background, ,2,3,Additive,0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01,-4 ,4 5,2+ 1 1: 0 6,Substrate 0.000 0.002 0.004,Cd Pb Cu,-1.6,-1.4 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8,-0.6,-0.03,0.00 -0.01 -0.02,1,-1.6,-1.2,-0.8,-0.4,0.006 0.008,E (V vs. Hg/HgO),Scale up,Potential / Vvs. HgO/Hg,7.35Ah(100%DOD) 77cm2,1.6,2.0 1.8,6A,3A 1.5A,100 80,60,100 80,Efficiency: Coulomb 6A 91.6% 3A 95.1% 1.5 96.9%,Energy 75.4% 79.7% 87.6%,60 40 20,40 20,80%DOD,0,2000,4000,6000,1.4 1.2 1.0,Capacity (mAh),0,cycle,0 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500,Experimental,Newly progress,All,the chemicals of analytical grade purity,were used. The solvent of the solutions is distilled water. The pumps were made by Xin Xi Shan pumps Co., ltd. Laboratory cell and scaled-up cell were used to demonstrate the performance of the Zn/Ni single flow battery. Laboratory cell, electrode area: 7.0 cm7.0 cm;,Experimental,Newly progress,Electrochemical performance of single elctrode was carried out using a Solartron 1280Z workstation with cyclic voltammetry in a three-electrode,WE,configuration assembly consisting of sintered nickel oxide as the counter electrode, depsiting zinc as the working,RE,CE,electrode and Hg/HgO as the reference electrode. working electrode: 2.0 cm2.0 cm; 7.0 cm7.0 cm,Experimental,Newly progress,The charge and discharge characteristics of the cell were studied by applying a dc constant current using a Neware BTS 3000 battery test system (5V2000mA and 5V200A).,Laboratory cell,1.6V200Ah,Experimental,Newly progress,Solutions for CVs, different ZnO in different,KOH; Solutions for the cell, 1.0 mol/L ZnO + 10.0 mol/L KOH + 0.5 mol/L LiOH;,The cell was charged up to 20 mAh/cm2 at the current density of 5mA/cm2, 10mA/cm2;,2) ensity (A/cm Current de,m,) e Charge(C/cm Accumulative,Charge(C/cm ) Accumulative,C,2,2,0,Results of our team,Newly progress,Cu foil,Iron mesh,Substrate,Ni foil,The mode of mass transportation of Iron mesh is changed due to the structure.,Iron mesh 1 mV/s,0,2000,6000,8000,0 -40 -80,-120 0 -4 -8,4000 10 mV/s,Ni foil 1mV/s,0,6000,8000,0 -100 -200,0 -10 -20,2000 4000 10 mV/s,-0.10 -0.15,0.00 Cufoil -0.05,FemeshcoatedNi,200 100 50,600 300 200,800 400 250,1000 500 300,-12 0 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 0 0 -1 -2 -3 0,400 30 mV/s 200 50 mV/s 100 150 Time(s),0 0 -2 -4 -6 0 -2 -4 0,200 400 600 800 -0.20 Nifoil 30 mV/s -0.25 100 200 300 400 -1.6 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4 50 mV/s 50 100 150 200 250 Potential(Vvs.Hg/HgO) Time(s) 程杰,文越华, 徐艳，物理化学学报, 已投稿,Chemical journal of Chinese universities, 2011, 32:1-4,I (cps),cps) I (c,-30mA/cm 4