1,Now, lets make some sentences,1. 我看了这部电影。 2. 她把信寄出去了。 3.Tom在那里？他去了图书馆。 4. 我们去过北京两次。 5.我们打扫了教室。 6. 他们吃了早餐。,2,Lets review!,现在完成时(第一层含义） 1.含义 2.结构 3.现在分词变化规则: 规则/不规则 4.句型转换 5.标志词,3,现在完成时（第二层含义）,I lived in Wuwei ten years ago. I have lived in Wuwei for ten years. I have lived in Wuwei since ten years ago. I studied English ten years ago. I have studied English for ten years I have studied English since ten years ago.,4,现在完成时第二层含义表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状态, 一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去(也可能到此结束） He has taught in our school for 30 years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。 He has kept the little dog since last week. 自上个星期以来他一直养着这只小狗。,5,现在完成时的第二层含义只适用于延续性动词 延续性动词： study learn sleep live sing dance swim teach keep play,6,现在完成时第二层含义标志词,1. for + 时间段 2. since +时间点( 年/月/日 +ago 或者具体年份) for ten years = since ten years ago,现在完成时不能单独与准确时间状语连用，（如表示过去的时间状语） 如two hours, three days , last week, four hours ago等，除非与for,since连用,7,Lets practice.,1. 她们已经跳了两个小时了。 2. 自从十年前，他就开始教语文了。（taught） 3. 他已经睡了12个小时了。（slept） 4. 自从2年前，我妈妈就养了这只小狗。（kept） 5. 我们已经在这里工作了5年。 6. 这场雨已经持续了2小时。（lasted),8,Grammar：现在完成时,I bought the book five days ago. I have bought the book. I have bought the book for five days. I have had the book for five days. I have had the book since five days ago. Tips:buy 这个动作 从“开始发生”到 “结束/终止”, 几乎同时或在极短的时间里（如几秒钟/几分钟内）就完成了“开始结束”的过程，这样的动词我们叫做短暂性动词。 所以， “我买了这块手表5年了”，在汉语中说的通，但英语中就必须用相应的延续性动词来替换。,9,现在完成时中常见的非延续性动词 非延续性动词： buy borrow die leave begin/start come / go finish 这些动词不能和 for . sincehow long 连用 与for和since连用时，要把它们变成相应的延续性动词 - （buy买了） had （borrow借了） kept （start/ begin开始 了） be on （leave离开了） be away (from) （come来到某地.） be here （go去某地.） be there （die 死了） be dead (finish结束.) be over,for since.,10,1.我买这本书三年了。(1).I bought the book three years ago. (2) I have had the book for 3 years. (3) I have had the book since 3 years ago. How long have you had the book ? 2.他借这本书两个月了（1）He borrowed the book two months ago. (2）He has kept the book for 2 months . (3) He has kept the book since 2 months ago. How long has he kept the book? 3.李梅离开济南一年了 .(1) Li Mei left Jinan one year ago. (2) Li Mei has been away from Jinan for one year. (3) Li Mei has been away from Jinan since 1 year ago. How long has Li Mei been away from Jinan?,11,会议开始20分钟了。 (1) The meeting began 20 minutes ago. (2) The meeting has been on for 20 minutes. (3) The meeting has been on since 20 minutes. How long has the meeting been on ?,Marry的祖父去世三年了。 (1） Marrys grandfather died 3 years ago. (2) Marrys grandfather has been dead for 3 years. (3) Marrys grandfather has been dead since 3 years ago. How long has Marrys grandfather been dead?,12,Tom _for several hours. A. went to bed B. has been in bed C. has gone to bed D. has been to bed 2.How long have you_this city? A. been to B. been in C. come to D. gone to 3. My aunt _the TV for 4 months. A. has bought B. was bought C. was had D. has had 4. Mr Brown _the car for 3 months. A. bought B. had bought C. has had D. buys 5. The old man _for two days. A. has died B. has been dead C. died D.dies,13,6.My sister has_ for 8 years. A. become a driver B. left the city C. arrived in the city D. lived here 7.How long have you_? A. joined the team B. become a team leader C. been in the team D. left the team 8. You are late. The film _for 10 minutes. A. has begun B. has been on C. has finished D. has started 9. How long has she _the newspaper? A. borrow B. lend C. kept D. buy,