4.2 Learning about Language一、阅读理解A（2020. 山东省济宁市曲阜市高二）Denmark is only about half the size of South Carolina, but it produces more of its electricity from wind than any other country in the world. Denmark now gets 47%of its electricity from wind, and there will be more to come, thanks to a combination of history and policy.Paul la Cour was a scientist and inventor who experimented with early wind power machines at the start of the 20th century. So its not surprising that Denmark invested in building wind power the earliest. Since the 1970s,Denmark has been investing in wind energy all over the country. In the 1980s,due to a strong movement opposing nuclear power plants, Denmark increased its production of clean energy even before many other countries considered it.Even back in 2002,Denmark took climate change warnings seriously. They drew up policies, aiming to cut fossil-fuel emissions by 20%,which they did via renewable energy investment. Some of the worlds largest companies in the fieldincluding Vestas, which builds turbines(涡轮机)，and Orsted, which specializes in offshore wind projectsare Danish, so the country has an impact beyond its borders.The huge impact of Denmarks wind industry is important. But Denmark is a small country, so while almost 50%of its electricity from wind is admirable, its also minor in terms of entire global impact.While Denmark gets half its electricity from 5,758 megawatts (MW) of capacity, Spains 23,000 MW covers just 18 percent of its electricity supply as its a much bigger country. China is the leader in wind energy at 221,000 MW, and the U.S.is the second in the world at about 96,000 MW.At the end of 2019,lawmakers in Denmark set a new goal: increasing the share of electricity coming from renewable power to 100%.1. What can we know about Demark?A. It is a leader in solar energy. B. It is a pioneer in clean energy.C. It is a victim of climate change. D. It is an advocate of nuclear energy.2. What is Denmark governments attitude towards fossil-fuel energy projects?A. Indifferent. B. AmbiguousC. Positive. D. Opposed.3. Which country produces the most wind energy in the world?A. Denmark. B. China. C. The U.S D. Spain.4. What is the best title for the text?A. Almost Half of Denmarks Electricity Comes from Wind PowerB. Denmarks Government Pushes ahead with Fossil-fuel ProjectsC. Denmark Has a Great Effect on Worlds Wind Power EquipmentD. Denmark Has a Long History of Developing Renewable Power【答案解析】 1. B 2. D 3. B 14. A这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了丹麦利用风力发电的历史发展过程、现状及未来的目标。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Denmark increased its production of clean energy even before many other countries considered it.”可知，丹麦甚至在其他国家考虑到之前就增加了清洁能源的生产，也就是说丹麦是清洁能源使用方面的先锋。故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“They drew up policies, aiming to cut fossil-fuel emissions by 20 %, which they did via renewable energy investment.”可知，丹麦官方制定了政策，目的是把化石燃料产生的排放量减少百分之二十，这个目标是通过可再生能源的投资来实现的。既然丹麦政府减少化石燃料的使用，由此可知，丹麦政府是反对化石燃料能源项目的。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“China is the leader in wind energy at 221,000 MW, and the U.S.is the second in the world at about 96,000 MW.”可知，中国在风能的利用方面处于领先地位，发电量为221,000兆瓦。美国是世界第二大风能发电国，发电量约为96,000兆瓦。即中国利用风能发电最多。故选B项。【4题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是文章第一段中的“Denmark is only about half the size of South Carolina, but it produces more of its electricity from wind than any other country in the world. Denmark now gets 47%of its electricity from wind, and there will be more to come, thanks to a combination of history and policy.”可知，丹麦的面积仅为南卡罗来纳州的一半，但它的风力发电量在总电量中的占比要多于世界上任何其他国家。 丹麦目前电力的47%来自风力发电，未来可能更多，这要归功于历史与政策的结合。即本文主要说明的是丹麦是一个风力发电大国，丹麦几乎一半的电力来源于风能，所以A项（丹麦近一半的电力来自风力发电）作为标题是合适的。故选A项。B（2020. 甘肃省兰州市第一中学高二期末）When my three boys were young, our summer vacation consisted of driving the nine hours to my parents place in Maine, where I grew up. While we loved those visits, the truth is we couldnt afford to go anywhere else. My husband, David, and I had finally saved up enough to buy our first home. Wed even made an agreement: We wouldnt spend more than $ 100 without consulting each other.On one of those holidays, I took the boys to the local library, where a silent auction was underway. I was attracted by one item: Shot nearby, on the rocky coast, the photo was naturalistic, capturing the characteristic of the young subjects and the beauty of my home state. Up for bid: a session with the photographer.In a hurry, I wrote down my name on the sign-up sheet, half sure that my offer of $ 500 would be topped. It wasnt. And though I felt bad about breaking my agreement with David, I was happy with my bid won.The morning of the shoot, we put the kids into the car and drove to a favorite beach. The photographer, already standing in the parking lot with a camera around her neck, started snapping pictures the minute they got out of their car seats. She gently tried to persuade the boys f