牛津版（深圳广州）初中英语八年级上册期末复习（题型专练）：阅读理解一、阅读理解1. (2019八上广州期中)阅读理解 InventionsPhone The first telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. It made communication easier. But the telephone were only fixed in post offices at first. People had to go there to make calls to faraway people and the fees were very high. Later, a cellphone was developed in 1973 in America. It was one of the most useful inventions. People can use cellphones to communicate with others much more easily. They can take them anywhere to make private calls, even vision calls(可视电话) Cellphones have many other functions, such as sending messages, taking photos and reading online. TV The first TV set was invented by an English scientist, John Baird, in 1926. The invention helped people watch films at home instead of going to the cinema as before. At first, TV sets only broadcast blackwhite pictures. Several years later colour TV sets made the pictures lively. However, they were heavy and thick was difficult to move them. Then, digital TV sets came into being. They were light and thin. Many TV programmes were available(可获得的) at any time. At present, people can use the IPTV(网络电视) to record and replay programmes. Computer The first modern computer was invented in America in 1946. It was as big as a room. It improved the speed and exactitude of calculation (计算) In the 1950s, desktop computers were invented in the same country. They became smaller and could be put on the desk. Since then, they have become very important in many fields of work and leisure. Before the 1970s, computers were single. It was the Internet that joined computers into a big family, so they could share information with one another. Around 1985, laptops were developed in Japan. They were much smaller and could be put on peoples laps. They were light and easy to take.（1）The first cellphone was invented _.A . in1876B . in1926C . in1946D . in1973（2）People could watch films _ before 1926.A . in the cinemaB . on the computerC . on the cellphoneD . on TV（3）A scientist from _ invented desktop computers.A . ChinaB . the USAC . the UKD . Japan（4）The first modern computer was used for _.A . calculatingB . joining computers into a big familyC . playing gamesD . sharing information with one another2.阅读理解 Picturethe scene: Its midnight. Youre very hungry after studying for a long time.Then you see a nice pie in the fridge. Do you eat it? It seems that you shouldnt,for many reasons, including its influence on your studies. Scientistshave long known that eating late at night can make us gain weight. But now anew study has shown that late night eating can also have a bad influence onour brainsit might hurt our ability to learn new things and storememories. “Webelieve that latenight eating may affect(影响) our learning by affecting the parts of the brain that controllearning and memory, DawnLon,PhD, a project scientist at the University of California, Los Angeles said,we believe the timing of when we eat is the main cause of the damaged (受损的)memory. Forthe study, the researchers looked at mice with strict feeding plans for twoweeks, the mice were either allowed to eat during the time when they areusually the most active, or during the time when they usually sleep. Themice received the same amount of sleep and calories. Then the researchers tested the brains ofthe mice. In one test, the researchers tried to find out whether the mice couldremember that a room was connected to an electric shock(电击)after 24 hours had gone by. Theresearchers noticed that when the mice were put in the room again hose micethat ate when they should have been sleeping were less likely(可能的)to get scared than those mice that ate during usual hours. It means that theydidnt remember. Sothink twice before the midnight snack it might be bad for more than yourweight.（1）What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refer to?A . Studying for long.B . A nice pie.C . A new stud.D . Latenight eating.（2）For the study, the researchers need to _.A . check the brains of the mice before the test startedB . feed the mice only during the time when they usually sleepC . keep the mice in a room with an electric shock all the timeD . let the mice receive the same amount of sleep and calories（3）According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE?A . a recent study shows late eating affects weight.B . What we eat can affect learning and memory.C . The mice that ate during sleeping hours didnt remember.D . The mice that ate during usual hours didnt remember.（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A . Eating snacks affects memoryB . Late eating hurts brainC . Never stay up lateD . Keep away from snacks3.阅读理解 A wellknown poem by the Tang Dynastys poetDu Mu te