安徽省马鞍山市2021高考英语阅读理解、完形填空训练之四一、阅读理解（共3题）1.ManyAmericansareturningtoJapan,theythink,acountryofhighacademicachievementandeconomicsuccess,forpossibleanswers.However,theanswersprovidedbyJapanesepreschoolsarenottheonesAmericansexpectedtofind.InmostJapanesepreschools,surprisinglylittleemphasisisputonacademicinstruction.Inonesurvey,300Japaneseand210Americanpreschoolteachers,childdevelopmentspecialists,andparentswereaskedaboutvariousaspectsofearlychildhoodeducation.Only2percentoftheJapaneserespondents(答问卷者)listed“togivechildrenagoodstartacademically”asoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietytohavepreschools.Incontrast,overhalftheAmericanrespondentschosethisasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.Topreparechildrenforsuccessfulcareersinthefirstgradeandbeyond,Japanesepreschoolsdonotteachreading,writing,andmathematics,butratherskillssuchasdetermination,concentration,andtheabilitytoworkasamemberofagroup.ThehugemajorityofyoungJapanesechildrenaretaughttoreadathomebytheirparents.LikeinAmerica,thereisdiversity(多样性)inJapaneseearlychildhoodeducation.SomeJapanesekindergartenshavespecificaims,suchasearlymusicaltrainingorpotentialdevelopment.Inlargecities,somekindergartensareattachedtouniversitiesthathaveelementaryandsecondaryschools.SomeJapaneseparentsbelievethatiftheiryoungchildrenattendauniversity-basedprogram,itwillincreasethechildrenschancesofeventuallybeingadmittedtotop-rated(一流的)schoolsanduniversities.Severalmoreprogressiveprogramshaveintroducedfreeplayasawayoutfortheheavyintellectualizing(智能化)insomeJapanesekindergartens.1.WelearnfromthefirstparagraphthatmanyAmericansbelieve_.A.JapaneseparentsaremoreinvolvedinpreschooleducationthanAmericanparentsB.JapanseconomicsuccessisaresultofitsscientificachievementsC.JapanesepreschooleducationemphasizesacademicinstructionD.Japanshighereducationissuperiortotheirs2.InJapanspreschooleducation,thefocusison_.A.preparingchildrenacademicallyB.developingchildrensartisticinterestsC.developingchildrenspotentialD.shapingchildrenscharacter3.WhydosomeJapaneseparentssendtheirchildrentouniversity-basedkindergartens?A.Theycandobetterintheirfuturestudies.B.Theycanmakemoregroupexperiencegrowthere.C.Theycanbeself-centeredwhentheygrowup.D.Theycanhavebetterchancesofgettingatop-ratededucation.4.FreeplayhasbeenintroducedinsomeJapanesekindergartensinorderto_.A.broadenchildrensknowledgeB.trainchildrenscreativityC.lightenchildrensstudyloadD.enrichchildrensexperience2.Itcanbehardtomeetpeoplefromanotherculture.Fromthebeginning,peoplemaysendthewrongsignal（信号）.Ortheymaypaynoattentiontosignalsfromanotherpersonwhoistryingtodeveloparelationship.Differentculturesemphasize（强调）theimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Evenwithpeopleatwork,itisnecessarytospendalotoftimein“smalltalk”,usuallyoveraglassoftea,beforetheydoanyjob.InmanyEuropeancountries-liketheUKorFrancepeoplefinditeasiertobuildupalastingworkingrelationshipatrestaurantsorcafesratherthanattheoffice.Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailand.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivelydiscussion;insteadtherewasanuncomfortablesilence.Thepeoplepresentjuststaredatmeandsmiled.Aftergettingtoknowtheirwaysbetter,IrealizedthattheythoughtIwastalkingtoomuch.Inmyownculture,weexpressmeaningmainlythroughwords,butpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsareunnecessary.EvenwithinNorthernEurope,culturaldifferencescancauseseriousproblems.Certainly,EnglishandGermanculturessharesimilarvalues;however,Germansprefertogetdowntobusinessmorequickly.Wethinkthattheyarerude.Infact,thisisjustbecauseoneculturestartsdiscussionsandmakesdecisionsmorequickly.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvalues,andsometimesthesevaluesarequiteagainsteachother.However,ifwecanunderstandthembetter,amulticulturalenvironment（多元文化环境）willofferawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother.60.Insomecountries,eatingtogetheratrestaurantsmaymakeiteasierforpeopleto_.A.keepeachothercompanyB.sharethesameCultureC.gettoknoweachotherD.developcloserrelations61.TheauthormentionshisexperienceinThailandtoshowthat_.A.eventalkandsilencecanbeculturallydifferentB.toomanywordsareofnouseC.peoplefromThailandarequietandshybynatureD.theEnglishprefertomakelongspeeches62.Accordingtothetext,howcanpeoplefromdifferentculturesunderstandeachotherbetter?A.Bysharingdifferentwaysoflife.B.Byrecognizingdifferentvalues.C.Byacceptingdifferenthabits.D.Byspeakingeachotherslanguages.63.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MulticulturalEnvironment.B.HowtoUnderstandEachOther.C.Cross-CulturalDifferences.D.HowtoBuildUpaRelationship.3.Whenyoudonthaveanythingplannedforthedayoritsrainyoutsideandyourchildrenarestuckinthehouse,whynotsit