初中英语词汇精选170个 1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2. incident, aident incident指小事件, aident指不幸的事故he was killed in the aident. 3. amount, number amount后接不可数名词， number后接可数名词 a number of students 4. family, house, home home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. my family is a happy one. 5. sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音i hate the loud noise outside. 6. photo, picture, drawing photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画 lets go and see a good picture. 7. vocabulary, word vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词he has a large vocabulary. 8. population, people population人口，人数，people具体的人 china has a large population. 9. weather, climate weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况 the climate here is not good for you. 10. road, street, path, way road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径 take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum. 11. course, subject course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course 12. custom, habit custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. ive got the habit of drinking a lot. 13. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 14. exercise, exercises, practice exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习 practice makes perfect. 15. class, lesson 【 第 一范文 网，、。】 作课解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 5 16. speech, talk, lecture speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课 a series of lecture on 17. officer, official officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer 18. work, job 二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job 19. couple, pair couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers 20. country, nation, state, land country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家 the whole nation was sad at the news. 21. cook, cooker cook厨师，cooker厨具 he is a good cook. 22. damage, damages damage不可数名词, 损害，损失; damages复数形式, 赔偿金 $900 damages 23. police, policeman police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察 the police are questioning everyone in the house. 24. problem, question problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用 25. man, a man man人类，a man一个男人 man will conquer nature. 26. chick, chicken 二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 the chicken is delicious. 27. telegram, telegraph 当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph 28. trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 29. sport, game sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则 his favorite sport is swimming. 30. price, prize price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize the price is high/low. 31. a number of, the number of a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of的数目，谓语动词用单数。the number of students is increasing. 32. in front of, in the front of in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面 in the front of the room sits a boy. 33. of the day, of a day of the day每一天的，当时的，当代的， of a day暂时的，不长久的 a famous scientist of the day 34. three of us, the three of us three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）the three of us-tom, jack and i went to the cinema. 35. by bus, on the bus by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 they went there by bus. 36. for a moment, for the moment for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 thinking for a moment, he agreed. 77. gold, golden gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring 78. most, mostly most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大部分,是副词 most people, the people are mostly 79. just, very just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语 the very man, just the man 80. wide, broad wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders 81. real, true real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story 82. respectful, respectable respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged 83. outwards, outward 二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词 an outward voyage 84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip the trip is pleasing. 85. understanding, understandable understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake 86. close, closely close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close 87. ill, sick ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy 88. good, well good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 he is well again. 89. quiet, silent, still quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响 he stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。 90. hard, hardly hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard i can hardly believe it. 91. able, capable able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用 he is capable of doing 92. almost, nearly 二者均为几乎,差不多 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody 93. late, lately late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 i havent seen him lately. 94. living, alive, live, lively living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the living people=all the people alive 95. excited, exciting excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的 im excited. the news is exciting. 96. deep, deeply deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply m