辽宁省大连市五校2021年高二下学期尖子生 期末考试试卷 试题及答案一、阅读理解（共4题）1.AboutsixyearsagoIwaseatinglunchinarestaurantinNewYorkCitywhenawomanandayoungboysatdownatthenexttable.Icouldnthelpoverhearingpartsoftheirconversation.Atonepointthewomanasked,“So,howhaveyoubeen?”Andtheboywhocouldnothavebeenmorethansevenoreightyearsoldreplied,“Frankly,Ivebeenfeelingalittledepressedlately.”Thisincidentstuckinmymindbecauseitstrengthenedmygrowingbeliefthatchildrenarechanging.AsfarasIcanremember,myfriendsandIdidntfindoutwewere“depressed”untilwewereinhighschool.Theevidenceofachangeinchildrenhasincreasedsteadilyinrecentyears.Childrendontseemchildlikeanymore.Childrenspeakmorelikeadults,dressmorelikeadultsandbehavemorelikeadultsthantheyusedto.Whetherthisisgoodorbadisdifficulttosay,butitcertainlyisdifferent.Childhoodasitoncewasnolongerexists.Why?Humandevelopmentisbasednotonlyonbornbiologicalstates,butalsoonpatternsofaccesstosocialknowledge.Movementfromonesocialroletoanotherusuallyinvolveslearningthesecretsofthenewsituation.Childrenhavealwaysbeentaughtadultsecrets,butslowlyandinstages:traditionally,wetellsixthgradersthingswekeephiddenfromfifthgraders.Inthelast30years,however,asecret-revelationmachinehasbeenfixedin98percentofAmericanhomes.Itiscalledtelevision.Televisionpassesinformation,indiscriminately,toallviewersalike,whethertheyarechildrenoradults.Unabletoresistthetemptation,manychildrenturntheirattentionfromprintedtextstothelesschallenging,morevividmovingpictures.Communicationthroughprint,asamatteroffact,allowsforagreatdealofcontroloverthesocialinformationtowhichchildrenhaveaccess.Readingandwritinginvolveacomplexcodeofsymbolsthatmustbememorizedandpractised.Childrenmustreadsimplebooksbeforetheycanreadcomplexmaterials.21.Traditionally,achildissupposedtolearnabouttheadultworld_.A.throughtouchwithsocietyB.graduallyandunderguidanceC.naturallyandbybiologicalinstinctD.throughexposuretosocialinformation22.Intheauthorsopinion,thephenomenonthattodayschildrenseemadultlikeiscausedby_.A.thewidespreadinfluenceoftelevisionB.thepoorarrangementofteachingcontentC.thefaststepofhumanintellectualdevelopmentD.theconstantlyrisingstandardofliving23.Whyistheauthorinfavorofcommunicationthroughprintforchildren?A.Itenableschildrentogainmoresocialinformation.B.Itdevelopschildrensinterestinreadingandwriting.C.Ithelpschildrentomemorizeandpractisemore.D.Itcancontrolwhatchildrenaretolearn.24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthechangeintodayschildren?A.Hefeelsamusedbythechildrensadultlikebehavior.B.Hethinksitisaphenomenonworthyofnote.C.Heconsidersitapositivedevelopment.D.Heseemstobeupsetaboutit.2.SomepeopleinManchester,Britain,willsoonbepayingforgoodsandserviceswithso-called“smart”creditcards.Thesecardsaremoresecurethanthetraditionalmagnetic-stripversionandcanbeusedtotravelonbuses,checkbankaccountsanddoshopping.TheManchesterprojectisoneofthebiggestsmartcardschemesintheworld.Everytimepeopleusethecardsonabusortrain,thefareisdeducted(reduced)fromthevalueofthecard.Whentheyhavenocreditleft,thecardscanberechargedatalocalshop.Informationistransferredbyrunningthecardthroughanarrowopeninginanelectronicreader.Intheslot,electronicprobesmakecontactwiththemagnetic-striporsiliconshipandreadtheinformation.Theothertypeisthecontactlesssmartcardwheretheelectronicreadercommunicateswiththecardbyshort-rangeradiowaves.Thismakesthecardquickerandmoreconvenienttousebecauseitdoesnothavetoleaveyourwallet.Itisalsomorereliableasitisnoteasilyinfluencedbyscratchesordirt.However,thebiggestadvantagethatsmartcardshaveovermagnetic-stripcardsisthattheyaremoresecure.Theyaremuchmoredifficulttomakethanconventionalcardsandtheyhavetobemadebyspeciallytrainedmanufacturers.Inaddition,theyhavealargenumberofextrasecurityfeaturesonthemandifasmartcardgetslostorstolenaquickphone-calltothedistributorensuresthatitsindividualnumberismadeinvalidandunreadable.Thiscanbedonemorequicklythanwithamagnetic-stripcard.25.Asmartcreditcardcandomanykindsofjobsbecause_.A.itissmartB.itisaplasticcardC.ithasasiliconchipinitD.itcanberecharged26.“Thecardscanberecharged”meansthat_.A.thecardcanbeputintoanewchargeofelectricityB.thecardscanbechangedintonewonesC.thecardscanbeputtouseagainD.thecardscanberecycled27.Whataretheadvantagesofsmartcreditcardsovertraditionalones?A.theycanstoremoreinformationB.theyaremoresecureC.theyaremoreconvenienttouseD.alloftheabove28.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ContactlesscardsaremoreconvenienttousethancontactonesB.SmartcardsaremoreexpensivetomanufacturerC.Bymeansoflong-rangeradiowavescontactlesscardscancommunicatewiththeelectronicreaderD.Asmartcreditcardandanormalplasticcardarethesamething3.NewsthatMicrosoftmadea$44.6billionbidtobuyYahooresultedinheateddiscussionsmadebymanyInternetusers.Herearesomeresponse