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1 反义疑问句反义疑问句 It looks like rain, doesnt it? He doesnt need to work so late, does he? This is a dictionary, isnt it? Those are shelves, arent they? There once was a man named Saint Nicholas, wasnt there? I am very interested in learning English, arent I? 4)陈述句的主语是动词不定式,动词的-ing 形式或从句时,疑问部分的主语多用 it 来体现。如: Taking care of our environment is very important, isnt it? What he said is right, isnt it? 5)陈述句中含有 not, no, hardly, neither, never, few, little, too to 等否定词或具有否定意义的词时,疑问 部分常用肯定形式。如: Few people knew the news, did they? Tom has never been to England , has he? She is unhappy, isnt she? No one knows him, do they? Someone is waiting for you, isnt he? Nobody says a word about the accident, do they? Everything seems all right, doesnt it? 7)陈述句是主从复合句时,如果主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, expect, feel, guess 等词,且主语是第一 人称 I 或 we 时,反意疑问部分的人称、时态与宾语从句保持一致,同时还要考虑到否定的转移(否定前 移) 。如: I believe that the boy can get a ticket for you, cant he? I dont think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, cant she? 若是第二第三人称的话,反义疑问句应该看主句:She thought it is meaningless,didnt she? 如果是转述的要注意:He said that you were in hospital,werent you?(这里是对着那个 you 说的) 8)祈使句的反义疑问句中:lets 的要用 shall we;let us 的要用 will you;其他形式的都用 will you。如: Go and get it for me, wont you?去帮我取个东西,好吗? Lets meet at the airport, shall we ? 我们在机场碰头,行不行? Have a little more wine, will you ? 喝点儿酒,好吗? 9)must 的反义疑问句:陈述部分有 must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。 Amust 表示“应该” ,其疑问部分用 mustnt(不应该) ,如: You must work hard next term, mustnt you ? 下学期你应该努力学习,对吗? Bmust 表示“必须” ,其疑问部分用 neednt(不必) ,如: They must finish the work today, neednt they? 他们今天必须要完成这项工作,是吗? C陈述部分含情态动词 mustnt,表示禁止时,疑问部分就可以用 must 或 may,如: You mustnt stop your car here, must you? (may we?)你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗? Dmust 表示推测 ,其疑问部分必须与 must 后面的主要动词相呼应。如: 对现在动作或存在的情况的推测 : You must know the answer to the exercise, dont you? 你一定知道这项练习的答案,是不是? That must be your bed, isnt it? 那一定是你的床,是吗? 对过去发生的动作或存在的情况的推测:句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语,这时疑问部分中 的动词就用现在完成时。 (havent / hasnt + 主语) You must have told her about it, havent you? 你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗? 10)have 作为动词的反义疑问句: 2 have to 的短语,且只充当一般动词的作用,助动词为 do,does,和普通的一般疑问句没有任何差别, 提问还是用 do,does 引导。 We have to finish it ,dont we? 当用 have,has 做助动词的时候,疑问句才用它们引导,如: She has seen it,hasnt she?这里的助动词就是 has 当陈述部分有 had better,或其中的 have 表示完成时态时,疑问句应用 hadnt 等开头: Youd better get up early, hadnt you? 其他情况句中有 have 时疑问句应用 dont 等开头; 如 have 表示 “有” 的时候, 有两种形式: do 或 have He has two sisters,doesnt he? =He has two sisters,hasnt he? He doesnt have any sisters, does he? 当 must+have done 表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语) ,问句要根据陈 述部分谓语的情况用“didnt+主语”或“wasnt/werent+主语” ; 如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语) ,问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语” 。 She must have read the novel last week,didnt she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说,是吗? You must have told her about it, havent you?你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗? 11)带情态动词 dare 或 need 的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 当 dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词 do + 主语。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 12)感叹句中,疑问部分用 be +主语。 What colours, arent they? What a smell, isnt it? 13)陈述部分由 neither nor, either or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 14)陈述部分的谓语是 wish,疑问部分要用 may +主语。 I wish to have a word with you, may I? 15) 含有 ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用 shouldnt / oughtnt +主语。 He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he? 16) 陈述部分的谓语是 used to 时,疑问部分用 didnt +主语或 usednt +主语。 He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he? 17) 陈述部分有 would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? 18) 陈述部分有 Youd like to +v. 疑问部分用 wouldnt +主语。 Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you? 对反意疑问句的回答疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用 yes,事实是否定的,就要用 no。 要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答 yes 或 no 与汉语正好相反。这 种省略回答的 yes 要译成“不”,no 要译成“是”。 例 -He likes playing football, doesnt he? 他喜欢踢足球,是吗? -Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 是的。/ 不是。 -His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗? -Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加。 反意疑问句的练习反意疑问句的练习 1. Youd rather watch TV this evening, _? a. isnt it b. hadnt you c. wouldnt you d. wont you 2. I suppose youre not going today, _? 3 a. are you b. do you c. dont you d. arent you 3. I wish to shake hands with you, _? a. shall b. may I c. do I d. will I 4. Three hours ought to be enough time, _? a. oughtnt three hours b. didnt they c. shouldnt it d. shouldnt three hours 5. They have to study a lot, _? a. dont they b. havent they c. did they d. hadnt they 6. When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, _ ? a. didnt he b. did he c. did it d. didnt it 7. Im sure dirty, _? a. am I b. isnt I c. arent I d. am not I 8. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I dont think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, _ you? a. do b. did c. dont d. didnt 9. Thats the sort of the book
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