专题04 短文改错高频考点TOP 4 名词考点一 根据谓语动词判断单复数名词做主语时，谓语动词单复数可用来考察主语名词是单数还是复数，本项为考试重点考察项目。考点二 名词做宾语时，经常使用单数名词（名词）可数名词表示多个且表示泛指时，应该使用相应的复数形式，即属于“名词不”的一种情况。1) I think the driver there drive too fast in the street.【答案】driver改为drivers【解析】根据从句的时态是一般现在时，谓语动词是复数形式，主语也应是复数。2) Sometimes we talk to each other very well in class,but after class we become stranger at once.【答案】stranger改为strangers【解析】句意：有时我们在课堂上交谈得非常好，但是课后马上就变成了陌生人。这里的stranger表示泛指，故改为复数形式。3) You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet.【答案】minute改为minutes【解析】a few修饰可数名词复数4) But when I saw your wife and children waiting for me with warm smile of welcome on their faces. I immediately knew that everything could be all right. 【答案】smile改为smiles【解析】句意：但当我看到你的妻子和孩子们脸上带着热情的笑容等着我的时候。Smile表示“微笑，笑容”时，可数。考点三 常见的不可数名词加“s/es”受汉语语言的制约，学生对名词的数本身不够敏感，在文章中经常出现不可数名词误用作复数的情况而无法识别，此时就要求学生能够识记几个常见的不可数名词。advice 劝告，忠告；baggage行李；change改变，变更；furniture家具；homework家庭作业；information信息，数据；knowledge了解，理解；luggage行李；money钱；news新闻；music音乐；technology科技；time时间1) We can also form a good habit of putting rubbishes into trashcans.【答案】rubbishes改为rubbish【解析】rubbish是不可数名词2) Id like to give you some advices on how to learn Chinese well.【答案】advices改为advice【解析】advice是不可数名词考点四 涉及到应该使用名词的词型误用在一些固定词组中或者一些表达中，经常用易混淆的词型，如health(n.)-healthy(adj.),breath(n.)-breathe(v.)等；3) For Americans, distance in a social conversation is about an arms long to front feet.【答案】long改为length.【解析】根据前面的an arms 可知,所有格之后必须用名词形式。4) Whenyouhaveonesucceed,reinforceitwithanother.【答案】succeed改为success【解析】句意：当你有一个成功，用另一个来巩固它。One后应该用名词，故将succeed改为success考点五 常见的单复数语义不一致有些名词的单复数形式表示不同的语义，因此也较容易误用。life作生命的抽象名词时不可数,指一条条生命时可数noise作可数和不可数都差不多,比如make noise也可以写成make a noisework作为工作的时候不可数,其他情况可数wood作为树木的时候不可数,指树叶可数beauty与life相似,作美丽的抽象名词时不可数,指美丽的东西时可数glass作为玻璃时不可数,指玻璃杯可数fish可数时指自然界的鱼,不可数时指一道菜chicken 可数时指小鸡,不可数指鸡肉difficulty作可数名词意为困难的事物,作不可数名词意为困难5) In addition to this, she hardly has any times to take exercises. She has been on poor health for some time. 【答案】exercises改为exercise【解析】句意：另外，她几乎没有时间去锻炼，有时身体不太好。exercise做不可数名词,活动，锻炼，运动；exercises做可数名词，一套动作，训练活动，练习。此处应该表示“锻炼”，所以改为单数。6) The country is facing great economicdifficulty.【答案】difficulty改为difficulties【解析】difficulty作可数名词意为困难的事物注：1) 既可用作不可数名词，又可用作可数名词，词义区别不大的抽象名词。belief- a belief- beliefshope- a hope- hopeschange- a change- changesdesire-a desire-desirescustom-a custom-customs2）即可用作不可数名词，又可用作复数名词但有词义区别的抽象名词。damage（损害）-damages（赔偿费）advice（忠告）-advices（消息，报告）regard（尊敬，关心）-regards（问候）pity（怜悯，同情）-pities（不幸）sympathy（同情）-sympathies（慰问信）2） 只能用作不可数名词的抽象名词。abundance, astonishment, conduct, cooperation, envy, ease, information, harm, honesty等。3） 既有单数又有复数的抽象名词。answer, award, case, cry, quarrel, trick, scream, knock, mistake, example, event, accident, earthquake等。4） 抽象名词具体化。一般说来，如trouble, kindness, anxiety, joy, friendship, sympathy, pity, security等均属于抽象名词，是不可数的，但当它们的词义经转化或带有修饰成分时，可以“具体化”并被不定冠词修饰或加上复数后缀。试比较：This was another example of their lack of experience.（经验）Ive had some very disturbing experiences.（经历）It is a pity to give you so much trouble. （麻烦）Life is full of small troubles.（烦心的事）He was filled with joy.（欢乐）My children are a great joy to me.（令人快慰的事）(1)Papers catches fire easily.【答案】papers改为paper【解析】paper表示“纸”时为不可数名词，无复数形式。(2) Her new novel is great success.【答案】is后加a或is后加of【解析】A success指一个成功的人或一件成的事；of successsuccessful(3) The news is of great important.【答案】important改为importance【解析】of importanceimportant(4) What fine day we have today!【答案】What后加a，day是可数名词【解析】可以说What fine weather What+adj+可数名词单数；What+adj+不可数名词可数名词复数。(5) I forgot all of the rooms numbers.【答案】rooms改为room【解析】名词作定语(6) These children had great funs in the park.【答案】funs改为fun【解析】fun是不可数名词，无复数形式。(7) In the past,the poors often went hungry.【答案】poors改为poor【解析】poor为形容词，the+形容词，指一类人；the poor指穷人们(8) Look! Two Germen are coming this way.【答案】Germen改为Germans【解析】名词复数错误(9) Put on more clothing,or youll catch a cold.【答案】clothing改为clothes【解析】clothing指衣服的总称；具体的衣服用clothes(10)This is the steel work where my father works.【答案】work改为works【解析】works复数形式，表示工厂。(11) Dont make any voice. Your father is sleeping.【答案】voice改为noise【解析】voice指人的嗓音；noise指噪音。(12) Its not my book. Maybe its somebody else.【答案】else改为elses【解析】根据句意，应用所有格。(13)The man has been hunting for a work for a long time.【答案】work改为job【解析】a job，一份工作；work表示工作时是不可数名词。(14) In our school,there are eighty woman teachers in all.【答案】woman改为women【解析】一般情况下，名词作定语时，用单数形式；但man和woman若修饰复数名词，用复数形式。(15) The Smith will make a trip to China during the coming spring.【答案】Smith改为Smiths【解析】定冠词加姓氏的复数指一家人。(16) The patient has stayed in the hospital for one and a half month.【答案】month改为months【解析】one and a half后的名词用复数。(17) The couple wanted to buy some furnitures for their new house. 【答案】furnitures改为furniture【解析】f