专题03 短文改错高频考点TOP 3 非谓语动词考点一 语句中多出谓语动词（多半是以动词原形出现），且与逻辑主语是主谓关系，应用现在分词（此处应与情态动词和使役动词的用法区别记忆）非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义现在分词/动名词一般式doingbeing done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生完成式having donehaving been done 其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生【点津】现在分词状语常置于句尾，习惯用逗号隔开，所以通常情况下讲逗号后面的动词应该用-ing形式。 1) We should not leave the tap water run or waste any materials in the laboratory class.【答案】run改为running【解析】使役动词leave的用法，leave sth. doing，应为主动形式2) Shake her head， she said， “It isnt a good time to do that， dear.” 【答案】Shake 改为 Shaking【解析】现在分词表伴随考点二 动词原型构成的祈使句和现在分词短语用作句子的主语混淆非谓语动词，顾名思义，它不是谓语，也就是说句子里另有谓语。祈使句，前面用作原型的动词就是谓语，句子里其它地方没有谓语了。这就是最大的区别！Put（谓语） your creative juices（宾语） to good use by trying to bring out the poet in you（状语）。put是谓语，变成动名词putting的话，句子就没有谓语了！下一句也是如此，and前后是并列关系，两个make分别是分句的谓语，换成making，前半句就没谓语了。Driving in downtown area(主语） requires（谓语） higher attention（宾语）.后面有谓语，前面的动词就不能用原形，要变成动名词形式的非谓语。1) Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit. 【答案】Play改为Playing【解析】动名词短语作主语2) I was often a little tired after a days work and watch TV demands very little effort. 【答案】watch改为 watching【解析】因为动词原形不能用作主语考点三 现在分词误用，即与逻辑主语之间应是被动关系非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义过去分词done与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成1) Upon your arrival，there will be a party for you organizing by my classmates.【答案】organizing改为organized【解析】过去分词后置做定语，修饰party2) I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts.【答案】giving 改为 given【解析】“把某物给某人”是give sth to sb；句中records与give是被动关系，故用过去分词考点四 不定式误省略不定式符号to在短文改错中，某些动词经常以动词原型的形式“冒充”谓语，此时应该考虑本句是to do相关的短语、表目的、表将要还是表示出乎意料的结果（此处应该注意非谓语动词doing区别开）1) Besides，it is a good idea learn and sing Chinese songs，because by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese words more easily.【答案】idea后加to【解析】句型it is +抽象名词+to do的句型2) David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car. 【答案】want后加to【解析】“want to do”搭配3) The World Health Organization andother organizations are working improve health all over the world. 【答案】improve前加to【解析】to improve为表目的的不定式短语考点五 With的独立主格结构1. with 名词（代词）现在分词She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。With you helping me whenever Im in trouble, I feel very obliged to you无论我什么时候遇到困难你总是帮助我，真是太感激你了。【注意】此处应该和as表示“随着”引导的时间状语从句区别开，比如as the society is developing,.和with the society developing,.2. with 名词（代词）过去分词“I think we can leave with our heads held high,”Eriksson said “We came out of the toughest group, beat Argentina, beat Denmark in a convincing way”“我认为我们可以高昂着头离开，”艾里克松说。“我们来自死亡之组，以一种令人信服的方式击败了阿根廷，击败了丹麦。”The goalkeeper left Japan with his flaws laid bare这位守门员离开了日本，而他的缺点却暴露无遗。3. with 名词（代词）不定式With 10 minutes to go, youd better hurry还有十分钟，你最好快一点。With you to lead us, our group is sure to succeed有你领导我们，我们组肯定能成功。1) Nowadays with modern life go rapidly，many people suffer from different kind of diseases，both mentally and physically.【答案】go改成going【解析】with的复合结构，life和go之间表示主动，故用going2) As the society developing, people would like to choose travel abroad.【答案】As改成With，或者developing前加is【解析】with的复合结构，society和develop之间表示主动，故用developing（1） In those days we were forced work twelve hours a day.【答案】work 前加 to【解析】此句为 force sb to do sth 的被动形式。（2） Its very difficult for a foreigner learn Chinese.【答案】learn 前加 to【解析】此句用的是 its difficult for sb to do sth 句型（3） It was silly of you believe what he said.【答案】believe 前加 to【解析】此句用的是 its silly of sb to do sth 句型（4） He was made wash the bosss car once a day.【答案】wash 前加 to【解析】make sb do sth 中的 do 不能带to，但若 make 用于被动语态，则其后的 do 要带 to（5） Ill let you to know as soon as I hear from her.【答案】去掉 to【解析】因为 let 后用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带 to（6） I waved to her but failed attract her attention.【答案】attract 前加 to【解析】fail to do sth 意为“未能做某事”（7） I have already seen the film twice. I dont want see it any more.【答案】see 前加 to【解析】want（想要）后接动词要用不定式（8） What I want know is when all this happened.【答案】know 前加 to【解析】want（想要）后接动词要用不定式（9） It was clear that he wanted be alone. 【答案】be 前加 to【解析】want（想要）后接动词要用不定式（10） Most children are interested in listen to stories.【答案】listen 改为 listening【解析】介词后接动名词作宾语（11） Walk quickly is difficult for an old man.【答案】Walk 改为 Walking【解析】用作主语要用动名词，不用动词原形。注意不能将 walk 视为名词，因为其后有副词修饰语 quickly（12） Be careful in cross the street.【答案】cross 改为 crossing【解析】介词后接动名词作宾语（13） The film is very interesting. It is worth see twice.【答案】see 改为 seeing【解析】worth 后接动词要用动名词形式（14） Find work is very difficult these days.【答案】Find 改为 Finding【解析】用作主语要用动名词，不用动词原形（15） Most of us students enjoy ask questions in English.【答案】ask 改为 asking【解析】enjoy 后接动词作宾语要用动名词形式（16） Look， some of my classmates are practising speak English over there.【答案】speak 改为 speaking【解析】practise 后接动词作宾语要用动名词形式（17） Teach a child to sing and dance is very interesting.【答案】Teach 改为 Teaching【解