专题01 短文改错高频考点TOP 1 时态考点一 一般现在时和一般过去时的误用1. 在英语语法中，“时“指动作发生的时间，”态“指动作的样子和状态。1) 一般现在时，是一种语法形式。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的动作或状态，或者动作有时间规律发生的事件的一种时间状态。2) 一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。在英语语法中。 【点津】两种时态在短文改错中的混用主要体现在，1）某篇文章讲述的是过去的故事（过去时），一般现在时经常混在其中；2）某篇文章是事理型的（现在时），一般过去时经常混在其中；3）或者是夹叙夹议型的文章中需要注意两种时态的使用。【例题1】事实陈述型My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.【答案】My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live.Though not very big， the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is .来源:Zxxk.ComEvery day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in short period of time.Instead，he hopes that business will grow .【例题2】夹叙夹议型Our teachers and friends are important for us. I had such a experience when I was in junior school. I was doing bad in maths at that time. However hard I tried, I just couldnt catch up on others. I almost lost heart when we had a new maths teacher, Mr. Hu. Now and then he talk with me, telling me the ways to learn maths and encourage me to keep on trying. Only then do I realize that I was not studying maths in scientific way. With his help, I was doing a little better gradual. One year later, I made amazed progress.I am always grateful to Mr Hu, without whom I would never have been adopted the proper approach to learning maths.【答案】Our teachers and friends are important for us. I had such experience when I was in junior school. I was doing in maths at that time.However hard I tried，I just couldnt catch up others. I almost lost heart when we had a new maths teacher，Mr Hu. Now and then he with me，telling me the ways to learn maths and me to keep on trying.Only then I realize that I was not studying maths in scientific way. With his help，I was doing a little better .One year later，I made progress.I am always grateful to Mr Hu，without whom I would never have adopted the proper approach to learning maths.【例题3】讲述故事型（全国卷）During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond, which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.【答案】1.countryside前加the 2.find改为found3.another改为other 4.here改为there5.chicken改为chickens 6.which前面加in 或者which改为where7.sell改为selling 8.happily改为happy来源:学。科。网9.return后面去掉for 10.but改为and考点二 现在完成时的误用1）一般过去时表示事件在说话人关心的一个过去时间发生并结束，或者一个状态在说话人关心的过去时间存在着。通常需要确切的时间状语来表示出这个过去时间，除非语境使听话人能够判断出这个时间。2）现在完成时表示一个事件在说话时之前已经发生过了，但说话人并不关心事件发生的时间，而是关心现在，因此排斥过去时间状语。或者表示一个状态从过去持续到现在，强调状态的持续。通常需要状语表示出这段时间。【点津】1. 现在完成时和“现在”相关，有时习惯和一般过去时或者过去将来时混用；1) 现在完成时除可以和for，since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during/in/over the last(past) few years(months，weeks)，in recent years，so far，up to now等。【点津】现在完成时所用的时间状语都与“现在的时间”有交际，故不能和过去的时间连用，一般情况下，如有误用，且动词部分的过去分词和过去式一致，去掉have。Example: In 1898，Marie has found a new element.2) 下列句型中常用现在完成时It is(has been)一段时间since从句This(That/It) is the first(second.) time that现在完成时This(That/It) is the best/finest/most interesting.that现在完成时考点三 过去完成时的使用（有语境；有先后）1）常用过去完成时的几种情况。在by，by the end，by the time，until，before，since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句的句子中。By the end of last year，we had produced 20,000 cars.The train had left before we reached the station. 【点津】过去完成时习惯出现的问题有两方面：1）现在完成时和过去完成时的误用，主要在have，had这两个助动词上互改；2）在文章的存在的前提是要出现一般过去时，否则无法表示“过去的过去”，此所谓有语境、有先后，此时一般采用添加助动词had的方法；2）“时间名词before”在句中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去时。He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before.Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago.3）在hardly/scarcely.when.，no sooner than.句式中，主句常用过去完成时，表示“一就”。当hardly，scarcely，no sooner置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。We had no sooner been seated than the bus started.No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.4）在before或after引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去完成时。After he (had) left the room，the boss came in.We arrived home before it snowed.【例题4】It is essential to