专题13 短文改错高频考点TOP 13 细节知识点考点一 many, much, more的区别1) many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与 few(少数)相对；much用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与little(少量)相对。注意：“many a+单数可数名词”的用法：形式上为单数，但意义上为复数(意为“许多”)，若用作主语，其谓语通常与形式一致而不与意义一致(即谓语用单数)。2) more 与某些双音节或多音节的形容词、副词一起构成其比较级3）much可以修饰比较级（以及最高级）例：Socialism is a much higher social system than capitalism.Try to speak Chinese as many as possible.【答案】many改为much【解析】句义：尽可能多说汉语。结合句义，“多说汉语”不可数，应该用不可数Much rare animals are dying out.【答案】much改为many【解析】many修饰可数名词，animals表示“多种动物”Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.【答案】many改为much【解析】句义：花了我太多钱，“花了太多”是不可数，故用much考点二 Be of+抽象名词1) be of 后可接value, importance, use, help, significance, interest, benefit 等一些抽象词，这样的结构用来说明句子主语所具有的作用、重要性或意义。 在这类抽象名词前我们可用一些形词，如: great, little, some, any, no, not much等来修饰抽象名词，用以说明程度。如:They are of great help to learners of English.他们对英语学习者有很大帮助。2) be of +名词，还可用来说明句子主语在度量，大小，颜色，类别等方面的特征。这类名词有colour, age, size, height, weight, shape, type，kind, quality等。在这类名词前常用different,all, the same, this, that,a(n) + 形容词等词来修饰或说明。如：Coins may be of different sizes, weights, shapes, and of different metals. 货币可能在大小、重量、形状和铸造的金属方面都有所不同。These pens are of many different colours.这些笔有许多不同的颜色。The book will be of great valuable to students of history.【答案】valuable改为value【解析】of+抽象名词的结构，故改为value考点三to ones + 情感类名词“to + ones +情感名词”是英语中一个十分有用的结构,主要表示某人由于某事的发生而唤起其内心的某种情感,通常译为“令某人的是”“使某人感到的是”能用于该结构的名词非常有限,常见的有 admiration (羡慕), amazement (惊奇), amusement (娱乐), annoyance (烦恼), astonishment (惊奇), delight (欣喜), despair(绝望), disappointment(失望), embarrassment(难堪), happiness(幸福), horror (恐怖), joy (高兴), puzzlement (疑惑), regret (遗憾), relief (放心), satisfaction (满意), shame (羞愧), sorrow (悲伤), surprise (惊讶)等如: To my amazement, he arrived on time. 令我惊异的是,他居然准时赶到了To my great amusement his false beard fell off. 使我感到极其好笑的是,他的假胡子掉了下来若要加强该结构的语气,通常有两种方式:1) 在名词前加 great, deep, utter 等形容词修饰如:To our great delight the day turned out fine. 使我们感到十分高兴的是,天气转晴了To my great disappointment I failed to get the job. 我没得到那份工作,大为失望2) 在整个短语前加副词 greatly, much 等修饰如:Greatly to my regret, I can not attend the party. 很可惜的是,我无法参加聚会He has succeeded, much to the delight of his parents. 他成功了,这使他父母都非常高兴To our great delighted the day turned out fine.【答案】delighted改为delight【解析】to+ones+表示情绪的名词，故改为delight考点四 Late, later, latest, latelylate adj. 形容词，1)“迟的，晚的”Iwaslateforschool.我上学迟到了。2) 晚期的,末期的HebegantheworkinlateMay.他在五月底开始这项工作。3) 不久前的，最近的thelategovernment上届政府4)新的；刚刚到的somelatenews一些新消息adv. 副词，1)迟，晚Igotuplate.我起晚了。2)晚期，末期Thebushwasplantedlateintheseason.灌木是在季末才种上的。later 1) 副词，“以后、后来”可单独使用，用于过去时或将来时；Latertheboyfoundhismother.后来那个男孩找到了他的妈妈。2) 副词，“之后、过了”，可放在时间段后，只用于过去时；HearrivedinLondononMonday,twodayslaterheleftforNewYork.他星期一到了伦敦，两天后他出发去纽约。3) 形容词，为late的比较级或意为“后期的，晚期的”thelatercomers来的较晚的人latest1)副词，late的最高级“最晚，最迟”cometheearliestandleavethelatest来得最早，走得最晚2)形容词“最迟的、最晚的”thelatestcomer来的最迟的人“最近的、最新的”thelatestPairsfashion最新的巴黎时装款式3)名词，“最新消息、时装等”Haveyouheardthelatestaboutthewar?你听到有关战争的最新消息了吗？Lately副词，与recently同义。“最近、近来”Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?你最近在做什么？Hecameaslatelyaslastweek.他最近在上周来过。Late on，my aunt drove my home.【答案】Late改为Later【解析】Late迟的，晚的；Later之后考点五 much, even, than1) Even修饰形容词、副词的比较级，加强比较的语气和程度，表示前者比后者强很多，通常采用much, still等He works still harder than ever.=He works harder still than ever. 他比以往更加努力学习了。2) 表示前者在某方面远远地超过对方时，通常采用far, by far, a lot, a great deal等。Matters are a lot better than ever before. 情况远远比以往好。3) 在否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中，修饰形容词、副词的比较级，只能用any来修饰。He cant jump any higher. 他不能跳得更高了。Can he jump any higher? 他能跳得更高一些吗？ I will buy a car to drive them to wherever they want when I grow up because the car is faster and very convenient than the bike，especially when it rains.【答案】very改为more【解析】and表示并列，前面faster比较级，故and之后也是比较级考点六 The+比较级，the+比较级“The+比较级,the+比较级”.该结构意为“越,越”The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them.问题越难,他回答出来的可能性就越小.The harder you study, the high your scores will be.【答案】high改为higher【解析】“The+比较级,the+比较级”的结构，故改为higher考点七 比较级+比较级Life is becoming betterandbetter.考点八 介词to+doingbelong to属于add to增加be used to习惯于 be addicted to沉溺于be accustomed to习惯于 stick to坚持be devoted to贡献 adapt to适应object to反对 refer to谈到get down to开始做 lead to导致contribute to有助于 turn to求助；转向When it comes to.当提及到So I am used to talk in front of other people.【答案】talk改为talking【解析】be used to doing习惯于做某事，故改为talking考点九 介词+doing1. 单个的介词，如： in，on，with，by，for，at，about，under，of 等；2. 复合介词，例如：into，within，throughout，inside，outside，without 等；3. 短语介词，如：out of, because of, away from, on top of, ever since, next to, according to, in front of 等。一般情况下，介词后的动词都应该用doing的形式（but, except除外） 1) For fear of get up late the next morning, I