状语从句,状语时用来修饰 词， 词， 词或 的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、 原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。 当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从 句。分类如下：,动,形容,副,句子,什么是状语？,状语从句,1. 时间状语从句,2. 地点状语从句,3. 原因状语从句,4. 条件状语从句,5. 让步状语从句,6. 目的状语从句,7. 结果状语从句,8. 方式状语从句,9. 比较状语从句,1.时间状语从句,引导词可分为两部分,as while when whenever before after until (till) since as soon as,every time next time the first/time the moment the minute/ instantly immediately directly(一就),as引导的时间状语从句, 可以表达“正当”， “一 边一边”，“随着”等意思。,1. 表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared.,2. 表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。 Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion.,3. 表示两个动作同时发生。 Helen sang a song as she washed.,4. 表示“随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。As she grew older, she became more beautiful.,1. as, while , when的区别,while:持续性动词 进行时,一般或现在情况 将来情况V一般现在时或现在进行时 过去情况,e.g. I like listening to music while I am doing my homework.,e.g. Im going to the post office. - While you are there, can you get some stamps for me?,e.g. I hurt my should while I was doing gym.,While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while=_) While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. ( while =_ ) While there is life there is hope. (while = _ ) He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.,when,although,as long as,While 在句中的不同含义:,when: 持续性非持续性动词都可,当时 正在忽然,e.g. When I first saw her, I fell in love with her. -When did you get home? -It was eight oclock when I got home.,They were walking down the street when they saw an accident. 2) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.,尽管虽然鉴于如果届时,e.g. He walks when he might take a taxi. The Queen will visit the town in May, when she will open the new hospital. How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none? How could I live in Los Angeles when all my favorite people live here?,虽然,届时,如果,鉴于, 既然,when 还有一些较为灵活的翻译:,before引导的时间状语从句, before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之前”， 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。,We clean the classroom before we leave school every day.,It will not be long before you regret for what youve done. 不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。,after引导的时间状语从句, after引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之后”， 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。,After you use plastic bags, you mustnt throw them about. 用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。,since引导的时间状语从句, since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从”， 主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。,例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。,We havent seen each other since we parted.,常用句型：It has been (is) + 时间段 + since从句 “自从有多长时间了 ”,例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。,It has been (is) six years since she graduated from the university.,until/ till引导的时间状语从句, until / till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到时”， 表示主句动作发生在从句之前。,当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。,例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。,Ill stay here until you come back.,当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时, 主句常用否定形式。 not until“直到才”，这时until 可用before替换。,He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.,例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。,as soon as引导的时间状语从句, as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，译为“一就”， 表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。,例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。,I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.,相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant等.,Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.,Directly I had done it, I knew I had made a mistake.,名词短语引导的时间状语从句, the moment, the minute, the instant, the time, the hour, the day, by the time, each time, every time, next time, any time等 也可以引导时间状语从句。,I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her.,By the time you arrived, the lecture had already ended.,By the time he comes, we will already have left.,1.When every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me. 2. At next time you come, do remember bring your son here. 3.For the first time I met the girl. I felt in love with her. 4.You are welcome to come back at any time you want to. 5.At the last time she saw James, he was lying in bed. 语法规则：,every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。,考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句,其他连词引导的时间状语从句, no sooner than, hardly/ scarcely/ barelywhen引导 时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 当no sooner, hardly/ scarcely/ barely位于句首时，主句要 用部分倒装。,I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off. No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off. 我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。,1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute 2. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A. when B. until C. before D. since 3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. since C. As D. While 4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while,地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever (在任何地方) 引导。,e.g. a. Just stay where you are. b. Where there is a will, there is a way. c. You can sit wherever you like. d. Wherever you go, Ill be right here waiting for you.,When he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him. A. there B. wherever C. the place D. in which,2. 地点状语从句,原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句 常用的连接词是：because, as, since, now that, for,和considering that, seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱