高考英语语法完全讲解 状语从句,一、时间状语从句,when即可以引导一个持续性动作，也可以引导一个短暂性动作，可用于主句动作和从句动作同时发生，也可以用于从句动作先于主句动作发生。 When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. When the film ended, the people went back. while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。 You cant do your homework while youre watching TV.,1.when, while和as的用法,as表示主句动作和从句动作交替进行或者同时完成，意为“一边一边”或者“随着”。 As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks. As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer. 如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when, while和as可以互换。 When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.,这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。 The moment I heard the voice, I knew my father was coming. No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.,2.as soon as, immediately/directly/instantly, the moment/minute/instant, hardly/scarcely.when., no sooner.than.的用法,hardly/scarcely.when.和no sooner.than.引导时间状语从句时，主句常用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，此外，当把否定副词hardly/scarcely和no sooner提到句首时，要用倒装结构。 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.,特别提醒,肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为“某动作一直延续到某个时间点才停止”。 He remained there until/till she arrived. You may stay here until/till the rain stops. 否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时才开始”。 He wont go to bed until/till she returns.,3.until, till和not.until的用法,till不可以置于句首，而until可以。 Until you told me I had no idea of it. not.until句型中的强调和倒装 I didnt have any idea of it until you told me. =It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. =Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.,若表达“还未就；不到就；才；还没来得及就”时，要用连词before。 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. He announced the decision before I could stop him. “It will be+一段时间+before”表示“还要（时间）才”；“It wont be+一段时间+before”表示“用不了（时间）就”。 It will be half an hour before the city returns to normal. It wont be a year before we meet again.,4.before的用法,since从句谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态则用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。 I have written home four times since I came here. She has been working in this factory since she left school.,5.since的用法,Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out. Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here. The last time he saw James, he was lying in bed.,6.every time, each time next time, the first time, any time等名词短语,NO.2 地点状语从句,引导地点状语从句的从属连词where和wherever指具体地点时，从句可位于主句之前或者之后，表示抽象地点时，从句要放在主句之前。 He lives where the climate is mild. You are free to go wherever you like. Where there is a will, there is a way. Wherever there is smoke, there is fire.,NO.3 原因状语从句,引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有：because, as, since, now that, in that等，每个连词的含义和用法不尽相同。,I was absent from the meeting because I was ill. We had to walk all the way as we had no money for fares. Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.,NO.4 条件状语从句,引导条件状语从句的连词有：if (如果), unless (如果不，除非), in case (倘若、万一), so/as long as (只要), on condition that (条件是), suppose/supposing that (假设、如果), provide/provided that (如果), given that (假如)等。 Youll fail the exam unless you study hard. As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed. Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help. In case there is a fire, what will we do first.,NO.5 结果状语从句,so+形容词/副词+that such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that such+形容词+复数名词+that such+形容词+不可数名词+that so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that 注意：当名词前面有many, much, little, few修饰时，用so而不用such。 She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much. =She is so lovely a girl that we lover her very much. We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.,1.由so.that, such.that引导,so.that句型的否定形式可与too.to.或者not.enough to相互转换。 He is so young that he cant go to school. =He is too young to go to school. =He is not old enough to go to school.,2.结果状语从句与不定式结构的相互转换,NO.6 目的状语从句,这两个连词都表示“以便、为了”，它们引导的目的状语从句中需用情态动词，两者通常可以互换。 We climbed higher so that we might see the scenes better. In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.,1.so that和in order that的用法,引导目的状语从句时，for fear that表示害怕或者担心某事会发生；in case表示以防出现某种情况。 He told us to keep quiet for fear that we might disturb others. Take your raincoat, in case it rains.,2.for fear that和in case的用法,NO.7 让步状语从句,although和though两者意思相同，一般可以互换，都可以和yet, still和nevertheless连用，但是不可以和but连用；even though和even if表示“即使”，语气更加强烈。 He is unhappy, though/although he has a lot of money. Even though/if it is raining, well go there. 注：though还可以用作副词，意为“可是、然而”，放在句尾。,1.although, though even though和even if的用法,as或though引导的从句一般放在主句之前，常用倒装结构。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。 Child as/though he is, he knows a lot. Much as/though I like it, I wont buy it, for its too expensive. Try as/though you may, you wont b able to persuade him.,2.as或though引导让步状语从句 中的倒装用法,Whatever (=No matter what) you say, he wont believe you. Whoever (=No matter who) you are, you must obey the rules. However hard the job is, I will finish it on time.,3.疑问词+ever与 no matter+疑问词的用法,while也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、即使”。 While I rea