1定语从句 1关系代词引导的定语从句一、 考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.every day & everydayevery day“每天 ”，作时间状语。 everyday 是形容词，“ 每天的，日常的”。eg: She learns some everyday English every day. 她每天学一些日常英语。He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡觉很晚。2. between & amongbetween 常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间among 一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。eg: Tom is between Ann and Mary. 汤姆在安和玛丽之间。They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话【固定搭配】to do / doing在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同1.forget to do 忘记做某事 Im sorry I forgot to post the letter. forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day. 2. stop to do 停下来做某事 He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday. stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library. 3.try to do 尽力做某事 Ill try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。try doing 试着做某事 Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？ 4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I cant go with you. regret doing 后悔做过某事 I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一 名词 或 代词 的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的 man 和 everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词 that, which, who(宾格 whom, 所有格 whose)和关系副词 where, when、why关系词常有三个作用 ：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 2注意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略。(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)4. that 指人时，相当于 who 或者 whom；指物时，相当于 which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语 )5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book is yellow?【 总 结 】 ：一、 关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。如：代替人 代替物 代替人或物主语 who which that宾语 whomwho which that定语 whose（ of whom） whose（ of which）1.This is the doctor who came from London.2.The book whichthat I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.3. The desk whose leg is broken is very old.4. This is the room thatwhich Shakespeare was born in.二、使用关系代词时应 注意 以下几点： 1如果先行词是 all， anything， something， nothing， everything， little， none 等不定代词，关系代词一般只用 that，不用 which。例如：All that are present burst into tears.2如果先行词被形容词最高级以及 first，last，any，only，few ，much，no，some ，very 等词修饰，关系代词常用 that， 不用 which。例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.33which 还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which 可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思与 and this相似。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.4先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词应该用 that。例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.5 “介词关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。此结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to, at, of, without 等，关系代词常常只可用 whom 或 which，不可用that。 例如：The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.像 listen to， look at， depend on， pay attention to， take care of 等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.二、 典型例题 ( )1、 -Do you know the man _is talking with your father？-Yes， hes our headmaster.A. he B. who C. which D. whom( )2、The girl _ is reading under the tree _my sister.A. which； is B. whom； was C. who； is D. who； was( )3、Have you seen the film Titanic _actors are very famous?A who B whose C that D whom( )4、Ann asked the policeman _he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A with him B with whom C who D whom( )5、A child _parents are dead is called an orphan.A which B his C whose D with( )6、This is the reason _ he told me.A、that B、why C、on which D、for that( )7、Do you know the scientist _ gave us a talk just now? A. who B. whom C. which D. whose ( )8、This is the dictionary _ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom ( )9、Shaolin Temple _ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad. A. where B. which C. who D. what ( )10、Do you know the girl _ is standing under the tree?She is my little sister. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which4三、课后练习1. Have you read the book _ I gave you