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1现在完成时【现在完成时】 A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。【常用时间状语】recently, lately, since+时间点, for+ 数字+ 时间名词, in the past few months/years 等【构成】 肯定形式:have/has + done 否定形式:have/has + not +done一般疑问句:have 或 has 放于句首 B.现在完成时的用法1)现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成,而对现在有影响。eg. The car has arrived. 车子来了。(结果:车子已在门口)Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。(结果:窗户仍破着)区别:have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to,表示去过某个地方,不过现在已经回来了have gone to 表示去了,但还没有回来,也许是在去的途中have been in 指的是在某个地方,从过去一直延续到现在例如:你以前去过北京么?例如:A: Is Mr.Wang at home?B: No,he is not in,(他去香港了)2)现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去。常用 for 和 since 表示一段时间的状语或 so far, now,today,this week (month,year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。eg. He has studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 2001.Now I have finished the work.注意:表示短暂时间动作的词,如:come,go,die,marry ,buy 等的完成时不能与 for,since 等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作,如 live,study,be,wait 等,常和 since(自从)或 for(经历)引导的词语连用。如:I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了 30 多年。由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换:arrive be here begin(start)be ondie be dead come back be backleave be awayfall ill(sick, asleep) be ill(sick, asleep)get up be upgo out be outfinish be overput on wear 或 be onopen be openjoin be in或 be a member ofclose be closedgo to school be a studentborrow keepbuy have catch(a cold) have(a cold)get to know knowbegin to study studycome to work work2例题 ( )1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away( )2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in( )3.The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened( )4.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000.A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become( )5.You mustnt_ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left( )6.The meeting _ for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over( )7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught( )8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years. A. has been B. has become C. was D. became( )9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned( )10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead( )11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept( )12.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had ( )13.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been( )14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from( )15.Ill lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take练习单项选择( )1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _whats happened to him.A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know( )2、He has _ been to Shanghai, has he ?A. already B. never C. ever D. still( )3、Have you met Mr Li _? A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago( )4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year .3A. is writing B. was writing C. wrote D. has written( )5、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be even _.A. has changed; well B. changed; good C. has changed; better D. changed; better( )6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years .A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying( )7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew( )8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _ it twice. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see( )9、These farmers have been to the United States .Really? When _ there?A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone ( )10、_ you _ your homework yet?Yes. I _ it a moment ago.A.Did; do; finished B.Have; done; finishedC.Have; done; have finished D.will; do; finish( )11、His father _ the club since 1988.A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in( )12、Do you know her well? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago.A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made( )13、How long have you _ here?About seven years. A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived( )14、Hurry up! The program _ for five minutes .A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began( )15、It _ ten years since he came Chengdu.A. is B. has C. will D. was( )16、Miss Green isnt in the office. She _ to the l
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