（一）一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：1过去进行时表示动作的未完成性、持续性，着眼于动作的过程；一般过去时表示动作的完成，即动作发生过，且已结束，着眼于结果。如：She was writing a report last night and I dont know if she has finished it.(表示昨晚一直在写)She wrote a report last night.（表示昨晚写了，并且写好了）2过去进行时与 always, forever 等词连用表示一定的感情色彩。He was always throwing things about. (表示不满或讨厌 )（二）将来进行时与将来完成时：将来进行时表示将来某一时刻发生的动作，结构为：will / shall be +doing将来完成时表示到将来某时刻某动作已发生，其结构为：will / shall have done，时间状语是 by +表将来时间的词。例如： Ill be climbing the mountain this time the day after tomorrow.By the time he graduates from the college, he will have learned three foreign languages.（三）某些固定句型中时态是固定的：This / That / It is the first time +从句（用现在完成时）Its / has been +一段时间+since 从句（用过去时）Hardly / No sooner had sb. done when / than +从句（用过去时）It will be +一段时间+before 从句（用一般现在时）/ It was +一段时间+before从句（用过去时）Its time+从句（用过去时或 should do）would rather+从句（用一般过去时/过去完成时）（二） 基础过关1. Have you finished your composition already? Yes. I _ it in twenty minutes.A. have finished B. finishedC. will finish D. had finished答案： B解析：由答句中的 Yes 可知 in twenty minutes 不是表示 20 分钟后的将来，而是表示在 20 分钟之内。因为是陈述过去的某个事实，故用一般过去时。2. Did you meet Professor Johnson?Yes, but when I arrived, he _, so we only had time for a few words.A. had just left B. has just leftC. was just leaving D. just left答案： C解析：从下文“我们只交谈了几句话”来看，教授正要离开。这里使用 leave 的进行时态表示将要发生的动作。3. _ you _ the chief editor at the airport?No. He _ away before my arrival.A. Have; met; has driven B. Had; met; was drivenC. Did; meet; had been driven D. Have; met; was driven答案： C解析：从含义上看，该句表示一个过去的动作或事实，而第二句表示过去的过去，所以答案为 C。4. You _ to leave until you _ your work.A. wont be allowed; have finished B. wont allow; finishC. wont be allowed; will finish D. wont allow; will finish 答案： A解析：该句考查的是 not . until 句型，由 until，when，before 等引导的时间状语从句不与将来时态连用，应该用一般现在时或现在完成时代替，故选 A。5. Are you still busy?Yes, I _ my work, and it wont take long.A. just finish B. am just finishingC. have just finished D. am just going to finish答案： B解析：现在进行时表将来，第二句句意为：是的，我正要完成工作，它不会花费太长时间的。6. Whats wrong with your coat?Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me _ on it.A. sat B. had satC. had been sitting D. was sitting答案： D解析：由语境与题干可选 D。7. What are you going to do this afternoon?I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _ quite early, so we _ to the bookstore after that.A. finished; are going B. finished; goC. finishes; are going D. finishes; go答案： C解析：由题意，电影早点结束是一般式，而一起去书店是将来打算去做的，故用“将来式”。8. Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.Oh! I thought they _ without me.A. went B. are goingC. have gone D. had gone答案： D解析：用过去完成式，此句意为：“我认为他们已经走了”。9. When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hiddenC. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid答案： A解析：老人开始跑回家与太阳落山两个动作都发生在过去，而后者又发生在前者之前，故前者用一般过去时，后者用过去完成时。10. If the traffic hadnt been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 oclock.What a pity! Tina _ here to see you.A. is B. wasC. would be D. has been答案： B解析：由句意知，Tina 现在已走，刚才在这里等你，因此用一般过去时。（三） 能力提高1. Are you still able to speak French and Russian?I _. But I can only remember few French words. No Russian words at all now.A. am B. wasC. have D. had答案： B解析：从下文 But 转折部分看，答话者现在不会讲法语或俄语。使用过去时态表示以前的能力。2. The womens club _ Lin, a foreign company employee who used to pay little attention to her appearance, to improve her dress style and become more confident and open-minded.A. enabled B. had enabledC. has enabled D. enables答案： C解析：该空用现在完成时，表示 The womens club 对 Lin 所起的作用。从 used to看，她已经改变 了过去的习惯。3. A large crowd _ wildly as the pilot _ her plane safely in California.A. had cheered; was landing B. had cheered; landedC. was cheering; had landed D. was cheering; landed答案： D解析： as 表示两个动作同时进行， “一边 一边”，故不能与强调动作先后的一般过去或过去完成或过去进行的时态搭配使用。该句前后都使用一般过去也是可以接受的。4. Caunen Ferreira _ up hope of finding her pet parrot, Raquel, who _ from the back garden of her house two years ago.A. has given; was disappeared B. has given; had disappearedC. had given; was disappeared D. has given; disappeared答案： D 解析： disappear 是不及物动词，不能用在被动句中，所以 A 不予考虑，然后再看had disappeared 是在哪一个过去的动作或时间之前呢，没有这个过去的时间，所以过去完成时不成立；had given 同理。5. Hello! May I speak to Jack, please?Yes, speaking.Oh, I _ your voice at first.A. dont recognize B. didntC. hadnt recognized D. havent recognized答案： B解析：说话的时候已经听出来是 Jack 的声音， “没听出来”是说话前的动作，用过去时。6. I guess you might have got lost there last Sunday.Well, I_.A. mostly did B. nearly hadC. almost had D. almost did答案： D解析： almost“几乎”；发生在过去的动作，应该用过去时态。7. We plan to reach the North Pole in mid-July, and