职称英语文章赏析 Real World Robots When you think of a robot,do you envision a shiny,metallic devi _ having the same general shape as a hu _n being,performing hu _nlike functions,and responding to your questions in a monotone voi _ aentuated by high-pitched tones and beeps？ This is the way _ny of us i _gine a robot,but in the real world,a robot is not hu _noid at all.Instead a robot often is a voi _less,box-shaped _chine that efficiently carries out repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by hu _ns.Todays robot is more than an auto _tic _chine that performs one task again and again.A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial in _igen _that is,a robot contains a puter program that _s it how to perform tasks associated with hu _n in _igen _,such as reasoning,drawing conclusions,and learning from past experien _. A robot does not possess a hu _n shape for the _ reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty re _ining balan _d.A robot does,however,move from pla _ to pla _ on wheels and axles that roll and rotate.A robot even has limbs that swivel and move in bination with joints and motors.To find its way in its surroundings1,a robot utilizes various built-in sensors.Antennae attached to the robots base detect anything they bump into.If the robot starts to teeter as it moves on an incline,a gyroscope or a pendulum inside it senses the vertical differential.To determine its distan _ from an object and how quickly it will reach the object，the robot boun _s beams of laser light and ultrasonic sound waves off obstructions in its path2.These and other sensors constantly feed infor _tion to the puter,which then _yzes the infor _tion and corrects or adjusts the robots actions.As scien _ and technology advan _,the robot too will progress in its functions and use of artificial-in _igen _ programs. 词汇： envision v.想象，预想 devi _ n.装置 aentuate v.强调，重读 artificial in _igen _ n.人工智能 limb n.臂 antennae n.天线 incline v.倾斜 pendulum n.钟摆 ultrasonic adj.超声的 metallic adj.金属的 monotone n.单调的 hu _noid adj.像人的 axle n.轮轴 rotate v.旋转 swivel n.旋转 teeter v.摇晃 gyroscope n.陀螺仪，回转仪 vertical n.直立的 注释： 1.To find its way in its surroundings：为了在周围找到路 2.the robot boun _s beams of laser light and ultrasonic sound waves off obstructions in its path：机器人发射激光束和超声波，反射到障碍物上（以此来探知路径）。 练习： 1.Another good title for this passage would be A Robots： Taking the Pla _ of Hu _ns. B Artificial In _igen _ Programs. C Todays Robots and How They Function. D Modern-Day Sensors. 2.Artificial in _igen _ is A the unnatural way in which robots move. B a voi _less,box-shaped _chine that performs repetitive tasks. C sensors such as antennae and a gyroscope. D a puter program that imitates hu _n in _ectual pro _sses. 3.The last paragraph suggests that future robots will be A more hu _nlike in behavior and actions. B more like auto _tic _chines. C better able to move on inclines. D better equipped with laser light sensors. 4.The writer begins the passage by paring A the shape of a hu _n being with a box. B a modem robot with a fictional robot. C an i _ginary _chine with a hu _n. D a puter program with artificial in _igen _. 5.The word hu _noid means A lacking hu _n characteristics. B anything having the appearan _ of a hu _noid. C being void or vacant. D having a hu _n form or characteristics. 答案与题解： 1.C 从文中得知，文章主要介绍了机器人和它们的运行方式，因此选择C选项。 2.D Artificial是“人工”的意思，in _igen _是“智能”的意思。另外从文中得知，机器人使用artificial in _igen _能够进行与人类类似的推理分析等活动，因此可知它是一种类似人类智能的计算机程序。 3.A 最后一段讲机器人的发展方向是更加智能，能够自己判断并修正行为，而不仅仅是完成重复性的工作。 4.B 文章开头的时候 _让读者描述他们脑海中的机器人概念，并随后介绍了实际的机器人是怎样的，因此选择B选项。 5.D 从hu _noid的词根hu _n可看出这个词是形容与人类有关的特征。另外根据文章对这个词的描述可以得出这个词是表示和人类类似的特征，不管是外形上，还是行为方式上。 模板,内容仅供参考