20212021 年年浙江杭州师范大学综合英语考研真题浙江杭州师范大学综合英语考研真题（3 3 套精套精 编编） I. Cloze（每小题 1 分，共 50 分） Fill in each of the blanks with a function word, otherwise the first letter is given as a clue. Passage One:Instinct or cleverness? We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. We continually wage war (1) _ them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless ones like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears. Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us (2) _ being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being (3) s_. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring (4) _ them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) (5) _ our presence. Who has not stood in awe (6) _ the sight of a spider pouncing(7)_afly,oracolumnofants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle? Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially proud (8) _ it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither. Clusters of tiny insects called aphides were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey (9) _ them. I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated (10) _ twenty-four hours. I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making (11) _ impossible for the ants to reach the aphides. The tape was so sticky (12) _ they did not dare to cross it. For a long time, I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree (13) _ bewilderment. I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted (14) _ satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape (15) _ being able to do anything about it. I got up early next morning hoping to find (16) _ the ants had given up in despair. Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new (17) r_. They were climbing (18) _ the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of the tree. I realized sadly that I had been completely (19) d_ by their ingenuity. The ants had been quick to find an (20) a_ to my thoroughly unscientific methods! Passage Two:Cosmic Dust We know the universe doesnt revolve around us. But parts of it do, like household dust. This continuously reproducing filth is comprised (1) _ skin cells, hair, clothing fibres, dirt from outside, dust mites, bacteria and chemicals that can stick (2) _ any of these items. As a child, one of my weekly chores was dusting the house. If you had told 12-year-old me that, at 37, I would find dusting one of the most comforting things I do at home, I would have been very concerned about exactly how awful adulthood is. But perhaps I might have worried less if I had also been told (3) _ with adulthood would come knowledge of cosmic dust, which is all over the universe and absolutely does not revolve around us. Space dust is part of a fascinating life cycle of structure formation in the universe: the emergence of stars and planets, as well as their deaths. In the very early universe, gravity caused hydrogen and helium gas to collapse into objects that often became densely packed enough ignite nuclear hydrogen burning which leads (4) _ star formation. The nuclear chain reactions that occur in stars produce elements heavier (5) _ hydrogen and helium, like carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Even heavier elements, like neon and titanium, are made in the supernova explosions that can occur at the end (6) _ a stars life. These explosions blow stardust made of these elements most commonly silicon and carbon out into the universe. Some of it leads to solar system formation, producing the extrasolar planets we are increasingly capable of observing. In the case (7) _ our local star, the sun, that solar system sprouted life on the third-innermost planet, Earth. Some of the dust helps form the nex