Grammar,Noun Clause,在句子中起名词作用的句子 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,名词性从句,His job is important,What he does is important,主语,This is his job,This is what he does every day,表语,名词性从句在句中可以担任： 主语、宾语（介宾）、表语、同位语， 因此，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，分为,宾语从句,表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句,名词性从句,从句一律保持陈述语序,主语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,that / what,1._ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon,What,That,that,what,what,1. 主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分,1. 通常放在主句谓语动词之前,2. 也可以由形式主语it 来代替， 而将主语从句放在句末,用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句It is necessary that 有必要It is important that 重要的是It is obvious that 很明显b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It is believed that人们相信It is known to all that从所周知It has been decided that 已决定c. It + be +名词+ that-从句It is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句It appears that似乎It happens that碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起,注 意,What you left _only several old books. (be) What you said _of great importance.(be) What he says and does _concern me.(do) What he says and does _agree.(do,if” 不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导,主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省,what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词： 1）常与其后的名词作表语一致 2）根据句子的语境而定,are,is,doesnt,dont,_ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How,2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where,3. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. That C. what D. when 6.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have,2. 宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语,1)主语+谓语+宾语从句,2) 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（宾语从句,3) 作介词宾语,4) 作某些形容词的宾语 （sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased , afraid, worried sorry , surprised等,否定的转移： 若主句的谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect,guess, imagine等其后宾语从句 若含否定意义，一般 把否定词移到这些词上,注 意,1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。 2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语 动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容 为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。 The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound,travels,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be,will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,3. 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连 系动词之后,连接词：that (不省)/ whether /as if / as though/because （ if 不引导 表语从句) 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how,作用：对主语进行解释说明,be, feel , look , remain, seem and so on,1. Thats _ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether,4 同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（ idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem ；news 等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明,一般由“that”或连接副词 when / where/why / how / whether 引导,I have heard the news that he visited our factory . I have heard the news that he told you the other day,同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 1 同位语从句that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分 定语从句 that 是关系代词，起连接作用和充 当宾语和主语 2同位语从句同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系，对名词进行补充说明 定语从句 定从和前面的名词是所属关系，对名词进行修饰，加以限定 3同位语从句that 不能省 定语从句 that 在从句中作宾语时，可以省,1. _made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities . A What / because B What / that C That / what D That / because 2._she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons . A What / why B That / what C What / because D Why / that,B,A,B,3. He is absent from school . It is _ he is seriously ill. A. why B. because C. that D. the reason,4.There will be a special price for _ buys things in large number here. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever 5. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game . why B. what C. who D. that (05) 6.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. (05) A. whichever B. however C. whatever D.whenever,7. Can you make sure _ the gold rings? A. where she had put B. where had she put C. where she has put D. where has she put,8.The reason that has been such a success _ he never gives up. A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what,9. _ breaks the law should be punished. A Whoever b. No matter who c. anyone. d. who,4. That is _ I had to take the risk of being washed away. A. why B. reason why C. how D. what 5. Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have. A. what ;however B. that ;whatever C. whatever ; whoever D. what; whatever 6.The workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to give them a rise. A. whether B. how C. where D. which,7. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether,8. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how,9. Difficulty lie