06年高考语法复习系列四,形容词和副词,考 点 分 析 1、形容词和副词的基本用法； 2、形容词和副词的位置； 3、形容词和副词的级别； 4、常见形容词和副词的用法比较,形容词的基本用法,1、形容词的词义 问题1： - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. - Mm, it does have a _ smell. (2002北京) A. pleasant, pleasedB. pleased, pleased C. pleasant, pleasantD. pleased, pleasant,D,高考中关于形容词的词义的题考得不少，复习时需密切关注。该句中 pleased 表示“感到满意（高兴）的”；pleasant 表示“令人满意（高兴）的”。根据句意不难发现答案为D,问题2： Their cheerful voice showed that they were having a _ discussion. (1997上海) A. noisyB. seriousC. complete D. friendly 问题3： If it is quite _ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. （05天津卷） A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable,D,该句中 cheerful 是重要的提示词，意为“欢快的”。noisy; serious 以及 complete 显然都与题义无关。是形容词，意为“友好的”，只有它符合题义,It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 该句型意为：“某人方便（适合）做某事”；一般不说“sb. is convenient to do sth.” 其它三个词显然不符合句义,A,2、后置定语问题 问题4： All the people _ at the party were his supporters. (02北京) A. presentB. thankfulC. interested D. important,解析：形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是下列情况要后置： proper (本身), present (在场的，出席的), involved (有关的), concerned (相关的), left (剩下的), objecting (反对的), mentioned (提及的), selected (当选的)等。 如 the students present (出席的学生) the cost involved (所需费用,A,f,下列情况也要后置： a. some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词的修饰语要后 置如： something new; nothing serious; anything interesting b. else 修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。如： Nobody else is so silly as you are. c. 不定式短语，动名词短语，分词短语，介词短语做定 语要后置。如： Do you still remember the afternoon in the first year at college when the professor gave us a chemistry lesson? d. 以 a- 开头的形容词做定语要后置如：alike, alive, alone, asleep, afraid, awake 如： He is the only man awake at that time,巩固练习： I cant get a good picture on my TV set. There must be something _ with it. A. badB. matterC. the matterD. the wrong 2. _ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. A. Brave enough studentsB. Enough brave students C. Students brave enoughD. Students enough brave 3. There is _ to hold the water. A. nothing big enoughB. nothing enough big C. big enough nothingD. enough big nothing,C,C,A,3、以-ly 结尾的形容词 问题5： What he said sounds _. (1993上海) nicelyB. pleasantlyC. friendlyD. wonderfully,解析：1） 大部分形容词加-ly 可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，manly, timely, worldly (老于世故的) 仍为形容词。改错：(错） She sang lovely. （对） Her singing was lovely. （错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. It is published daily,C,多个形容词修饰名词的顺序,问题1 John Smith, a successful businessman, has a car. （04辽宁） Alarge German white Blarge white German Cwhite large German DGerman large white,多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -出处-材料性质，类别-名词 根据这个公式，就不难排列出：大小 + 颜色 + 出处，故选择B,B,问题2: This _ girl is Linds cousin. (05北京卷) A. pretty little SpanishB. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty littleD. little pretty Spanish 问题3：One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone ChineseD. Chinese stone old,由“限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -性质-名词”的公式可知，描绘词 + 大小 + 出处的顺序，最符合答案,根据排列顺序： 大小、形状 +年龄+颜色+来源+质地+用途+名词可选择A,A,A,常见形容词的比较,1). worth - worthy - worthwhile 2) alike - like -likely 3) dead - deadly - deathly 4) historic - historical 5) live - lively - alive - living 6) possible - probable- likely 7) valueless -priceless 8) respectable (可敬的、高尚的) - respectful (表示敬意的) A respectable man is respectful to others. 9) healthy (健康的) - healthful (有益于健康的) The air at seaside is healthful to us. So all of us are healthy,巩固练习： The World Cup in France was the biggest _ football match in the world. A. aliveB. liveC. livelyD. living 2. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the difference in the way boys and girls respond (反应) to the _ situation. A. likelyB. sameC. alikeD. similar 3. Its _ to rain but not _ before evening. A. possible probableB. probable possible C. possibly probablyD. probably possibly,B,D,A,副词的基本用法,问题1：_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. （04上海春季） A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange 问题2： Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people? (1995 N) A. such, such B. such, so C. so, so D. so, such,A,B,副词 enough 要放在形容词和副词的后面，形容词 enough 放在名词前后都可,A: 基本句型：such + (a) + adj. + n. ; so + adj. + a + n. B: such 后可加各种名词，而so后面只能加单数名词； C: so 可加 many, much, few, little 等，而such不能,问题3： We dont care if a hunting dog smells _, but we really dont want him to smell _. (1995上海) A. well, well B. bad, badC. well, badlyD. badly, bad 问题4： Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. （03全国卷） Amuch too heavyBtoo much heavy Cheavy too muchDtoo heavy much,C,A,smell 有双重词性，作“闻起来”解是系动词，后接形容词作表语；作“嗅”解是形为动词，后接副词。该题的干扰项是B，“smells bad” 表示闻起来很臭，不可能同时放入两个空格,much too 是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词；too much 是名词或形容词，可单独使用或修饰名词,问题5： John is very lazy. He falls _ behind in his studies. (05(广东卷) A. very