Unit 6 When was it invented?Section APeriod 3 Section A Grammar Focus-4c教学设计教学目标【知识与能力目标】1) 学习掌握下列词汇：fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument, ring, translate, bell, musical, have a point, take place2) 进行一步复习巩固学习Section A 部分所学的生词和词组。3) 进一步学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。4) 掌握主动语态变被动语态的方法，并通过不同方式的练习，来熟练运用。【过程与方法目标】在本课的任务型语言教学中，我将依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，创造性地设计贴近学生生活实际的任务活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与，使学生通过观察、思考、讨论、交流和合作等方式，在一种自然、真实或模拟真实的情境中体会语言、掌握语言的应用。【情感态度价值观目标】培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。教学重难点【教学重点】1) 学习生词fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument2) 复习巩固Section A 部分所学的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。【教学难点】1) 一般过去时态的句子变为被动语态。2) 综合运用所学的知识进行练习运用。课前准备1. 准备录音机和磁带；2. 设计课后巩固练习；3. ppt； 教学过程Step 1. Warm- up and revision1. Have a dictation of the new words learned in the last class.2. Review some main phrases we learned in the last class. Check the homework.3. Let some Ss tell something about how tea was invented by accident.Tell something about how tea was invented by accident.One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious and one of the worlds favorite drink was invented.Tell something about Lu Yu and his Cha Jing.Lu Yu “the saint of tea” mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didnt appear until around 1660. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.Step 2. Grammar Focus.1. 学生阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后做填空练习。 拉链是什么时候被发明的？ _ _ the zipper _? 它于1893年被发明。 It _ _ in 1893. 它是由谁发明的？ _ _ it invented _? 它是由惠特科姆贾得森发明的。 It _ _ _ Whitcomb Judson. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？ _ _tea _ to Korea? 茶叶在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。 It _ _ to Korea _the 6th and 7th centuries. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？ What _ the hot ice-cream _ _? 它用于挖很冷的冰淇淋。 Its _ _ _ really cold ice-cream. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。The telephone _ _ _ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。Alexander Graham Bell _ the telephone in 1876.2. 学生们根据记忆，看大屏幕来完成填空练习。3. 学生们完成填空试题后，可以打开课本检查答案，对错误的句子，单独进行强化记忆。Step 3. Grammar一般现在时的被动语态中讲到的“被动语态的用法”和“如何将主动语态(含“主+谓+宾”句型的句子)变为被动语态”同样适用于一般过去时的被动语态，不同的只是这两种时态的被动语态的“构成”，所以这里我们重点讲解一般过去时的被动语态的构成(was / were +及物动词的过去分词)及在各种句式中的运用。1. 肯定句：主语 + was/were +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他.e.g. The bridge was built three years ago. 这座桥是三年前修建的。2. 否定句：主语 + was/were not +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他.e.g. Women were not allowed to take part in the games at first.开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。 3. 一般疑问句：Was/Were +主语 +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他?e.g. Were these pictures drawn by your sister?这些图片是由你画的吗？ 肯定回答Yes, 主语+ was / were.Yes, it was.否定回答No, 主语+ was / were + not.No, it wasnt.4. 特殊疑问句：疑问词（不作主语） + was / were +主语 + 及物动词的过去分词(+ by短语) + 其他?e.g. When was the bridge built?【拓展】 1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。 e.g. They put off the meeting because of the weather. The meeting was put off because of the weather.2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指 “物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。e.g. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday.I was given an e-dictionary yesterday.An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday.3. 主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。e.g. I saw a heavy man enter the house.A heavy man was seen to enter the house.4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, take place, come true, fall asleep）没有被动语态。e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown?5. 含复合宾语(宾语 + 宾语补足语)的主动结构变被动结构时，通常把主动结构中的宾语改为被动结构中的主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面成为主语补足语。主动结构：I found him lying on the floor.被动结构：He was found lying on the floor by me.Step 4. ExercisesI. 根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词（含缩略形式）。1. My mother cleaned the room this morning. (改为被动语态) The room _ _ by my mother this morning.2. Was the model plane made by your brother? (补全肯定答语) _, it _.3. The bag was stolen last week.(改为否定句) The bag _ _ last week.4. The criminal was caught yesterday. (对划线部分提问) _ _ the criminal _?II. 将下列句子改为被动语态，每空一词。1. We put off the meeting. The meeting _ _ _ by us.2. Mother made me a new skirt. A new skirt _ _ _ me by Mother.3. They asked me to help them. I _ _ _ _ _.Answers: I. 1. was cleaned 2. Yes; was 3. wasnt stolen 4. When was; caught II. 1. was put off 2. was made for 3. was asked to help themStep 5. PracticeWork on 4a:1. Tell Ss to read the