备战2021高考英语阅读之说明文（五）（A）Childrens average daily time spent watching television or using mobile device increased from 53 minutes at12 months old to more than 150 minutes at 3 years old, according to an analysis by researchers at the National Institutes of Health. Children aged 7 were more likely to spend the highest amount of screen time if they had been in bad home-based childcare or were born to first-time mothers.Our results indicate that screen habits begin early. said Edwina Yeung, an investigator in National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). This finding suggests that interventions to reduce screen time could have a better chance of success if introduced early.In the research, mothers of4.000 children responded to questions on their kids media habits when they were 12，18，24，30，and 36 months of age.The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends avoiding digital media exposure for children under 18months of age, introducing children 18 to 24 months of age to screen media slowly, and limiting screen time to an hour a day for children from 2 to 5years of age. In the current study, researchers found that 87% of the children had screen time exceeding(超过) these recommendations. However, while screen time increased throughout infancy(幼儿期)。 after 8 years of age, screen time fell to under1.5 hours per day. The researchers believe this decrease relates to time consumed by school-related activitiesThe study authors classified the children into two groups based on how much their aver- age daily screen time increased from age I to age 3. The first group, 73% of the total, had the lower increase, from an average of nearly 51 minutes a day to nearly an hour and 47 minutes a day. The second group, 27% of the total, had the higher increase,from nearly 37 minutes of screen time a day to about 4 hours a day. Higher levels of parental education were associated with the lower odds of inclusion in the second group.1.Which of the following is a reason for childrens addiction to the media?A. Low economic level. B. Poor family education.C. The medias attraction. D. The shortage of parents love.2. Whats Edwinas advice?A. To stop children using the media. B. To reduce childrens screen time earlier.C. To help parents care for children well D. To increase intervention to children.3.How did the author develop the main body of the text?A. By showing some data. B. By giving some examples.C. By analyzing some reasons. D. By concluding some results4. What does the underlined word odds in the last paragraph mean?A. Price. B. Cost. C. Probability. D. Income.（B）During a decline in tourism，one national park in Thailand has seen a dramatic rise in “visitors”recently. So many are the hermit crabs （寄居蟹）flooding into the otherwise empty beaches of Koh Lanta that shells（贝壳）for them to live in have become in short supply.The Thai government moved quickly to ease the housing shortage，launching a public appeal for empty shells that netted over 200 kg. On December 5 these were distributed around the park in a ceremony.Hermit crabs rely on shells to protect their soft bodies，moving to larger shells as they grow. On Koh Lanta and the surrounding smaller islands，their rapid increase seems to be a natural phenomenon，rather than directly related to the absence of tourists. But the shortage of shells may be man-made：pretty ones have long been gathered to be sold as goods. Crabs had begun to make do with potential death-traps such as plastic caps and bottles.The shell drive was part of a government initiative to “regain the balance of nature”. “I have instructed all national parks to do whatever it takes，” says Varawut Silpa-archa，the minister for natural resources. His inspiration comes from the pause in tourism brought on by COVID-19. A ban on international visitors and the closure of national parks have helped nature recover，bringing endangered leatherback turtles back onto Thai beaches. In the coastal provinces of Phang Nga and Phuket，turtles have laid the largest number of eggs for 20 years.The government has decided to try to copy the short break forced on it by COVID-19 in future. From now on，all national parks will be required to close for a short period during the off-season and to limit the number of tourists through a reservation system when they are open. Although such restrictions mean reduced earnings from tourism in the short term，in the longer run more parks may help to keep the tourists coming.1. What happened to the beaches of Koh Lanta recently?A. They got flooded by seawater.B. They became completely empty.C. They were packed with hermit crabs.D. They saw a constant stream of tourists.2. What contributed to the housing shortage for hermit crabs?A. Natural disasters.B. Hu