非谓语动词的应用 冀教版一、教学内容：暑假专版（二） 非谓语动词专练【具体教学内容】非谓语动词也叫动词的非限定形式，包括动词不定式，v-ing 和过去分词。（一）动词不定式的用法：1. 作主语：To learn English well is important.To eat vegetables can help us keep healthy. 动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换。Learning English is important.Eating vegetables can help us keep healthy. 动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。Its important to learn English.It can help us keep healthy to eat vegetables.2. 作表语：My job is to teach English.His hobby is to collect stamps.3. 作宾语：动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有：want, begin/start, like/love, forget/remember, learn/teach, decide, wish, hope, agree, plan 等。He wants to go home at once.I began to play the piano when I was four.4. 作定语：I have much work to do.Do you have anything to say?Would you like sth. to eat?Its a good place to have fun. 这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。There is nothing to worry about.He has no room to live in.The dog is easy to take care of.Id like some paper to write on.5. 作状语：I came here to see you. （目的）Im sorry to hear that. （原因）Tom is too young to go to school. （结果）To get to work, he takes No.7 bus every day. （目的）6. 作宾语补足语：宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语是什么或怎么样。带宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, invite, allow, want, wish, encourage 等。Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.2Mother told me not to come home late.Id like you to meet my family. 在使役动词 make, let, have 和感官动词 see, hear, watch 等动词后的宾语补足语，其不定式的 to 要省略。而 help 后的不定式可以带 to，也可以不带 to。Could you please help me (to) do some housework?I hear him sing every night.We saw her play the piano last night.It made me feel sad.Let him go, please.7. “疑问词+不定式”结构：疑问词 who, what, when, where, how, which 等后接不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。Where to live is a problem. （主语）Do you know when to start? （宾语）The problem is how to use the machine. （表语）I dont know to do it. （宾语）A. what B. how （二）v-ing 包括动名词和现在分词两种类型。一）动名词的用法：1. 作主语： Seing is beliving. 眼 见 为 实 。 Watching TV to much is bad for your eys. Playing with fire(火 ) is dangerous. 2. 作表语：Her favorite is reading.3. 作宾语： Before having breakfast, Ihad shower.（ 介 宾 结 构 ） I like shoping. （ 动 宾 结 构 ） Thanks for invitng me. （ 介 宾 结 构 ） 4. 作定语：Its a reading room. running star, living room, eating habit, English-speaking country, Tree-planting Day5. 有些动词后只能跟动名词而不能跟不定式，这些动词有：enjoy, stop sb. from doing sth. （阻止某人做某事）feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 go doing 去做spend(in) doing 花费做某事 Thanks for doing sth. 因某事感谢某人have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很有趣/高兴practice doing sth. 练习做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事 (11) be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事(12) give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 (13) cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事(14) have trouble/problem/a hard time doing sth. 做某事有困难(15) put off doing sth. 推迟做某事(16) prefer doing to (介词) doing 比起更喜欢6. 有些动词后所带的宾语既可以是不定式，又可以是动名词，但所表达的意义不同。3（1）stop to d sth. 停 下 来 去 做 另 一 件 事 doing sth. 停 止 做 某 事 She stopped (talk) with me when she saw me.Its time for class. Please stop (talk).（2）go on（继续） to d sth. 做 完 一 件 事 后 ， 继 续 做 另 一 件 事 doing sth. 继 续 做 同 一 件 事 He didnt have a rest and went on (work).After cleaning the room, we went on (cook).（3）forget /remember to d sth. 忘 记 /记 着 做 某 事 doing sth. 忘 记 /记 得 做 过 某 事 I usually forgot (close) the door, but I remembered (close) it just now.（4）try to d sth. 尽 力 去 做 某 事 doing sth. 试 着 做 某 事 Why not try (do) it in another way?He always tries to finish his work before dinner.二）现在分词的用法：1. There are many people lying on the beach. （后置定语）2. Do you know the girl wearing glasses? （后置定语）3. I saw a boy crying in the corner. （宾语补足语）4. Can you hear someone singing outside? （宾语补足语）5. The sleeping girl is my daughter. （定语）（三）过去分词的用法：1. 作定语：I know a boy called Tom.This is a book written by Lu Xun.The trees planted by them grow well.2. 作宾语补足语：I will have /get my hair cut. 我要去理发。 have /get sth. +v 过去分词 “让被”We should get the house cleaned.【模拟试题】（答题时间：60 分钟）一、单项选择1. Colors can make us happy or sad.A. to feel B. feeling C. felt D. feel2. All of them want sth. for you.A. do B. to do C. doing D. did3. Lets stop . I know a great restaurant near here.A. to have a meal B. to have a rest C. having a rest D. having a meal4. Remember the book in time when you finish .4A. to return, reading B. to return, to readC. returning, reading D. returning, to read5. Although he was a child, he tries to find ways people life.A. to help, enjoy B. help, enjoy C. to help, enjoying D. help, enjoying6. My aunt enjoys in the countryside.A. lives B. to live C. living D. live7. Nancy, you may listen to the radio. But would you mind ? Your father is sleeping.Im sorry. Ill do it right now.A. turning it down B. turning it up C. turn it on D. turn it off8. We often see him the old man with the housework.A. help B. helps C. helped D. to help9. Its very nice pictures for me.A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing10. Our teacher often told us in this river.A. dont