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用心 爱心 专心 1八年级英语暑假专题 重点词汇复习 鲁教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容:八年级下重点词汇复习二. 知识总结与归纳1. hear of 为动介结构,后面常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,表示听到有关某事的消息或情况。They have never heard of that. 他们从未听说过那件事。2. other 和 another 都可以用来修饰数词,表示 “另外的;附加的 ”,但是结构不同。other的位置是“数词+other+复数名词 ”,相当于 more 的用法;而 another 则是“another+ 数词+复数名词” 。今天下午我又写了两封信。 I wrote another two letters this afternoon. =I wrote two other letters this afternoon.=I wrote two more letters this afternoon. 3. make sth. “制作” maken. /pron.adj. “使 处于某种状态” The news made him worried. make宾语动词原形(迫使某人做某事) (使役动词)He made me do it again.4. end up doing 意为“达到某状态或采取某行动,以结束或告终” 。end up = end 反义词组: begin / start with(end up doing sth. = finish doing sth. )5. maybe 是副词,意为“也许,可能”,用作状语;may be 意为“也许是,可能是”,may是情态动词,与 be 一起作谓语。Maybe you put it there. 也许你把它放在那里了。But Im afraid I may be a little late. 但恐怕我可能是晚了一点。6. join 意为“参加,加入” ,主要指参加、加入某党派、团体,成为其中一员,后面也可跟 us, them, the young people 等表示一群人的词或词组;而 take part in 也意为“参加,加入”,指参加群众性的活动、会议、考试、竞赛等。My brother joined the League two years ago. 我的哥哥两年前就入团了。We are getting ready to take part in the speech contest. 我们正准备参加这次演讲比赛。7. later 与 later on 的用法later 作副词用,意为“后来 ”, “以后” ,往往以以前或现在的时间或事情为基准,因此,常用于一般过去时或一般将来时。The radio says the sun will come out later. 广播说太阳过些时候就会出来。later 常和一个表示时间的名词连用,构成 “时间段+later”结构。later on 只可单独使用,不能用于“时间段+later on”结构。He came back a week later. 一星期后他回来了。later on 作副词短语使用,也是 “后来” , “以后”的意思,有时可与 later 互换。That happened later on/later. 后来那件事发生了。8. be afraid of ( doing ) “害怕 ” e. g. Im afraid of snakes . be afraid to do sth. “害怕做” e. g. All of us were afraid to do the work . 用心 爱心 专心 2be afraid + 从句 “恐怕”( 表委婉的拒绝 ) e. g. Im afraid I cant . 9. enjoy/ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 = have fun doing sth. have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难10.unless ( ifnot ) “除非, 如果不” e. g. Dont come unless I call you . = Dont come if I dont call you . 11. deal with = do with(what) “处理,对付” (Thats a deal ! “成交了”= Its a deal)e. g. How shall we deal with the thief ? = What are we to do with the thief ?12. used to do “过去常常” (表过去习惯性动作或状态,暗示现在已不再如此,既可作情态动词,又可作实义动词。 ) e. g. : He used to go swimming on Sundays , didnt / usednt he ? ( 反意疑问 ) 否定式:used not to do 或 didnt use to do e. g. He used not to play basketball . = He didnt use to play basketball. (他以前不打篮球。) 一般疑问式:Did use to ? 或 Used to ? e. g. Did you use to have long hair ? = Used you have to have long hair ? 辨析:be used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事” e. g. Hes used to getting up early . be used to do “被用来做” e. g. This room is used to be a living room . be used for ( doing) “被用作(目的,用途) ” e. g. Wood can be used for making paper. be used by “被某人使用” e. g. French is used by Frenchmen. 13. sure 常见于以下用法和句型:表示“可以” , “当然” , “没问题” ,常用来答应他人的请求,相当于 Yes. /OK. /Great. /Certainly. /Of course. be sure about/of 意为“确信,对有把握” ,后接名词,代词或 v-ing 形式,表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断,主语必须是人。be sure to 意为“一定” , “肯定” ,后接不定式,往往表示局外人的推测、评论,主语不一定是人。be sure to 用于祈使句时,是“务必”的意思。14.with my bedroom light on 为介词短语,在句中用作状语,表示伴随情况。“with+名词+介词短语”结构也可用作状语,表示伴随情况。The teacher came in with a book under his arm. 老师腋下夹着一本书走进教室。15. hardly 用作副词,意为“几乎不” ,相当于 almost not,本身含有否定之意,修饰名词时,常和 a 或 any 连用。Im so tired that I can hardly walk any farther. 我太累了,简直不能再走下去了。He hardly knows what to say, does he?hardly 本身含有否定意义,构成反意疑问句时,后半部分要用肯定形式。类似的词有few, little, never, none, nobody, nothing 等。16. die, dying, death 都可以表示“死” 。die 意为“死亡,断气” ,是终止性动词,指生命的结束,强调动作。His mother died two years ago. 他的母亲两年前去世了。dying 是 die 的现在分词,通常作形容词使用,是“要死的” , “垂危的” , “濒临死亡的”的意思。This dog is dying. 这条狗快要死了。用心 爱心 专心 3death 是 die 的名词,意为“死亡”。It makes me very sad when I think of my little dogs death.当我想起我的小狗的死亡时,我很难过。17. no longer 可以与 not.any longer 替换,主要用来表示时间或距离的 “不再” ,意在对现在的情况和过去的情况加以比较,故多用于现在时。You are no longer a child. (=You arent a child any longer.)你已不再是个孩子了。no more 相当于 not.any more,主要用来表示数量和程度,常常修饰短暂性动词,表示某动作不再重复发生。The baby no more cried. (=The baby didnt cry any more.) 这个小孩不再哭了。18. instead of 是复合介词,意思是“代替” ,后面往往接名词、代词、动名词或介词短语, of 后面的内容是被否定的。I want that book instead of this one. 我要那本书而不是这本。副词 instead 和 instead of 意思相同,但用法却不同。 instead 意为“代替,顶替” ,常位于句首或句末,可不译。The water here is not good, so I drink coffee instead. 这里的水不好,所以我改喝咖啡。19. be serious about 对热衷/ 极感兴趣 例: Im serious about the problem. To tell you the truth, Im not serious about math at all.20. prefer 是及物动词,意为 “宁愿,更喜欢” (1)prefer sth.(2)prefer (sb.) to do sth. 表示“宁愿某人做某事” 。(3)prefer+(doing) sth.+to (doing) sth.表示“宁愿而不愿” 。(4)prefer to do sth.+rather than do sth.表示“宁愿做而不愿做” 。Jennifer prefers musicians who write their own lyrics.They preferred their son to go to the countryside.I prefer pears to any other fruit. 我喜欢梨胜过其他水果。My grandma prefers taking a walk to sitting in front of the TV.My brother preferred to do his homework rather than go to the zoo.Which do you prefer(=like better), rice or bread? 21. expect 是及物动词,意为“期待,盼望” ,其后面常跟动词不定式、从句等。expect的后面还可以跟复合宾语。She expects to come back on Sunday. 她预计星期天回来。What do you expect me to say to the teacher? 你希望我和老师说些什么?22. through 穿过,指从某空间内部穿过,across 也有穿过的意思,但是指在表
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