2016 LoRa Alliance Page 1 of 70 The authors reserve the right to change specifications without notice. 1 LoRaWAN Specification 2 Copyright 2016 LoRa Alliance, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 4 NOTICE OF USE AND DISCLOSURE 5 Copyright LoRa Alliance, Inc. (2015, 2016). All Rights Reserved. 6 7 The information within this document is the property of the LoRa Alliance (The Alliance) and its use and 8 disclosure are subject to LoRa Alliance Corporate Bylaws, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy and 9 Membership Agreements. 10 11 Elements of LoRa Alliance specifications may be subject to third party intellectual property rights, including 12 without limitation, patent, copyright or trademark rights (such a third party may or may not be a member of LoRa 13 Alliance). The Alliance is not responsible and shall not be held responsible in any manner for identifying or failing 14 to identify any or all such third party intellectual property rights. 15 16 This document and the information contained herein are provided on an AS IS basis and THE ALLIANCE 17 DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOTLIMITED TO (A) ANY 18 WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREINWILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OF THIRD 19 PARTIES (INCLUDING WITHOUTLIMITATION ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INCLUDING 20 PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR TRADEMARK RIGHTS) OR (B) ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 21 MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE,TITLE OR NONINFRINGEMENT. 22 23 IN NO EVENT WILL THE ALLIANCE BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS 24 OF USE OF DATA, INTERRUPTION OFBUSINESS, OR FOR ANY OTHER DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR 25 EXEMPLARY, INCIDENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, IN CONTRACT OR 26 IN TORT, IN CONNECTION WITH THIS DOCUMENT OR THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, EVEN IF 27 ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSS OR DAMAGE. 28 29 30 The above notice and this paragraph must be included on all copies of this document that are made. 31 32 LoRa Alliance, Inc. 33 2400 Camino Ramon, Suite 375 34 San Ramon, CA 94583 35 Note: All Company, brand and product names may be trademarks that are the sole property of their respective 36 owners. 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 LoRaWAN Specification 2016 LoRa Alliance Page 2 of 70 The authors reserve the right to change specifications without notice. 1 2 LoRaWAN Specification 3 4 Authors: 5 N. Sornin (Semtech), M. Luis (Semtech), T. Eirich (IBM), T. Kramp (IBM), 6 O.Hersent (Actility) 7 8 Version: V1.0.2 9 Date: 2016 July 10 Status: Final 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 LoRaWAN Specification 2016 LoRa Alliance Page 3 of 70 The authors reserve the right to change specifications without notice. Contents 1 1 Introduction . 6 2 1.1 LoRaWAN Classes . 6 3 1.2 Conventions . 7 4 2 Introduction on LoRaWAN options . 8 5 2.1 LoRaWAN Classes . 8 6 2.2 Specification scope . 9 7 Class A All end-devices . 10 8 3 Physical Message Formats . 11 9 3.1 Uplink Messages . 11 10 3.2 Downlink Messages . 11 11 3.3 Receive Windows. 11 12 3.3.1 First receive window channel, data rate, and start . 12 13 3.3.2 Second receive window channel, data rate, and start . 12 14 3.3.3 Receive window duration . 12 15 3.3.4 Receiver activity during the receive windows . 12 16 3.3.5 Network sending a message to an end-device . 12 17 3.3.6 Important notice on receive windows . 13 18 3.3.7 Receiving or transmitting other protocols . 13 19 4 MAC Message Formats .