直接引语 Direct Speech,grammar,间接引语Reported speech,语法：直接引语 Direct Speech和间接引语Reported speech 直接引述别人的话，叫“直接引语”。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫“间接引语”。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。例如：John said, “I like reading books.” 直接引语John said that he liked reading books . 间接引语直接引语转换成间接英语时，要注意连接词,语序，人称，时态，指示代词，时间状语，地点状语等要做相应的变化。连接词和语序的变化。【1】当直接引语的原句是陈述句时，变间接引语时可用连接词that引导【that在口语中可以省略】。eg He said , “I like it very much. He said that he liked it very much.2 当直接引语的原话为一般疑问句，变间接引语是要用if 或whether引导，疑问语序改为陈述语序。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked.没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语【me, him,或us等】Mother said to me, “Can you get some tea for me?”_,.,Mother asked me if I could get some tea for her.,John said , “Do you like living here? ”_.3当直接引语的原话为特殊疑问句时，变间接引语是连接词仍用原句中的特殊疑问词，同时疑问语序要用陈述语序。The teacher asked,“ Why are you late for school, John?”_4当直接引语的原话为祈使句时，变间接引语是要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的动词不定式，其结构为tell, ask, order sb not to do sth,如果祈使句为否定句，在不定时的前面加not. “Keep quiet in the reading room, he said to Jim._“Dont smoke in the room,、 he said to me._2.人称的变化间接转述他人的话，要注意要将直接引语的代词与主句主语相呼应，应遵循 “一随主，二随宾，三不变”的原则。这里的“一，二，三分别指直接引语中的第一人称，第二人称，第三人称。”一随主”中的”主”指的是主句中的主语；”二随宾“中的 “宾”指的是主句中的宾语。,John asked me if I liked living there.,The teacher asked John why he was late for school.,He told Jim to keep quiet in the reading room.,He told me not to smoke in the room.,“Im going to see my grandparents,” Mary said to me ._3. 时态的变化如果主句中的谓语动词的时态属于现在时或将来时态范畴，那么间接引语中的动词时态既可保持不变，也可用其所需，如果主句中的谓语动此事过去时态，那么间接引语的时态就要发生一定的变化，变化如下： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 eg: He said to me , “ I broke your CD player.”_注意: 当直接引语表示的是客观真理或事实时其间接引语的时态不变【仍用一般现在时,Mary told me that she was going to her grandparents.,He told me that he had broken my CD player.,4. 指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和动词变化。看书P100页。Eg He said to her .” I dont want to come to this party .”_.,He told her that he didnt want to go to that party.,THANK YOU,