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第三部分 写作技能培优,第二讲图画作文,图画类作文是材料作文的一种特殊形式,是一种变“画”为文的作文方式。这种题型提供给考生的是图画,要求考生在看懂图画意思后写作文,主要训练和考查考生的观察力、思考力、创造力和表达能力。一、试题特征1.素材贴近生活。图画类的书面表达一般都是中学生所熟悉的场景,画面生动形象,具有趣味性,体现高考书面表达“生活化”的特点。有时候还附带有英语或汉语说明,考生易获得直观信息。2.文体形式多样。图画式作文主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文.,二、写作步骤1.确定文章体裁。这类文章一般以记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。2.确定人称。如果以日记、回忆录等形式来写,一般采用第一人称;如果是以讲故事的形式来写,则一般采用第三人称。3.确定时态。根据图画内容及所采用的文章体裁,确定文章所要用的时态。4.合理、适度的联想。这类文章的说明一般都要求考生进行适度的联想和发挥,以便使上下文能更好地连贯起来。,5.虚实结合、详略得当。对于图画中的内容,该详细叙述描写的,就必须要详细、具体;可以一笔带过的就一笔带过。比如图画中所有的时间、数字或言论须一词不漏地写清楚,而有些过程或原因则可适当简略。,三、注意事项1.看图记叙文的写作要注意把握写作素材的时间、地点、人物,以及事件的叙述。可以采取倒叙的方式,也可按事件的发生顺序进行描写。2.看图议论文的写作首先要认真阅读图画,把握图的意义,有时还要注意其隐含的观点与意图,并联系生活实际进行思考与阐述。,3.看图说明文的写作要注意观察图画材料,找出所有内容,然后按一定的顺序有条理地阐述。说明文的叙述顺序一般有三种:时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序(比如按图画反映的数字大小进行叙述)。注意文章开头与结尾的呼应。,四、常用句式1.用于描述图画或引入话题的句式As is described in the picture.As is shown in the picture,we can see clearly the relationship between.The sight reminds me of something in my daily life.,2用于记叙事件经过或分析现象的句式At first.then.five minutes later.finally/in the end/at last.开始时然后五分钟后最后Some were doing.,some were doing.and/while others were doing.一些人在做,一些人在做,而另一些人在做.was/were doing.when sb./sth. did.当某事正在发生时突然又发生另一件事。More and more people have come to realize the importance of.越来越多的人已经开始意识到的重要性。,3用于发表议论或总结的句式If such measures were not taken,the problem of.would be more serious.如果不采取这样的措施的话,的问题会更加严重。We can conclude from this picture that.从这幅图画我们可以推断As has been stated above,we must.如上所述,我们必须,(2013高考福建卷)孩子的成长和教育是社会热议的话题,现今父母包揽一切、孩子过度依赖等现象十分严重。请阅读下面的漫画,按要求用英文写一篇短文。 内容要求:1.描述漫画内容;2分析漫画所揭示的问题; 3提出你的看法。,注意:1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数; 2考生可适当发挥,使文章内容充实、连贯; 3词数120左右;4文中不能出现考生的具体信息。参考词汇:铺路pave the wayFrom the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. _,一、“三准”确保作文上及格线典例为议论式图画作文,体现其特点的常用句型有:开始句:用一句话概括漫画内容句型一:从这幅图画中我们可以看到一家三口正走在红地毯上。From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet.(原文已给出),定体裁,审题准审题确定方向,行文紧扣主题,句型二:正如上面图画生动呈现给我们的是一家三口正走在红地毯上。As is vividly presented in the picture above/As the picture above vividly presents to us,a family of three are walking on a long red carpet.(使用as引导的非限制性定语从句)中间过渡句:用一句话揭示图画的含义它反映了当今的一个普遍现象:孩子是家庭的中心,肩负着父母的希望。It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families,shouldering(shoulder) the hope of their parents.,结束句:用一句话强调所提建议的重要性(常用only引起的倒装句)只有用这种方式,他们才能在成长过程中学会独立,才能成为真正意义上的成功者。Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.,定人称、内容要点、关键词及动词时态,要点准要点全而不漏,时态合理运用,人称要对:本文主要使用第三人称。时态要准:基本时态为一般现在时。要点要全:描述漫画内容;分析漫画所揭示的问题;提出你的看法。,核心词汇:穿着讲究的:be well dressed朝前弯腰:bend forward家庭的中心:the focus of families肩负的期望: shoulder the hope of.为孩子安排一切:arrange everything for children不遗余力:spare no effort结果:as a consequence不独立思考,没有创造力:have no independent thought or creative ideas表明的普遍现象:It shows a common phenomenon that,要点一:儿子精心打扮,高傲地挥手走在中间。The son is well dressed and waves proudly in the middle.要点二:在后面,父亲向前倾着托起上衣。The father behind bends forward to hold the jacket.要点三:在前面,母亲汗流浃背地展开地毯。The mother in front rolls out the carpet,sweating.,根据要点提示,写出句式,表达准表达准确得体,避免汉式英语,要点四:父母为孩子安排好了所有的事情,不遗余力地为孩子的成功铺平道路。Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.要点五:孩子们对于父母变得如此依赖以至于他们没有独立的想法或创造性的观点。Children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.要点六:这种状况让人感到忧心忡忡。Such a situation is of great concern.,要点七:过度保护和太多的关心对孩子的发展极其有害。Overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for childrens development.要点八:父母应该鼓励孩子克服困难,激励孩子独立发展而不是为他们做一切事情。Parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves rather than do everything for them.,二、“四美”走出平庸创高分升级句式一:用分词短语“well dressed”作定语改写要点一The son,well dressed,waves proudly in the middle.升级句式二:用and连接要点二、三The father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet,sweating.,词汇、句式升级,语言美追求高级表达,张扬个性风采,升级句式三:用while连接升级句式一、二The son,well dressed,waves proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet,sweating.升级句式四:把要点四中的后半句改为分词短语作状语Parents arrange everything for their children,sparing no effort to pave the way for their success.升级句式五:把要点五改成倒装句So reliant do children become on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.,升级句式四和五之间为因果关系,可以使用过渡词语as a result/consequence;要点七、八是针对上文提到的社会现象发表的个人观点,故可以使用in my opinion作为过渡词语。,巧用过渡词,衔接美巧妙衔接过渡,读文如沐春风,正确分段,结构美行文条理清晰,力避一段到底,第一段:描述漫画内容(开始句;升级句式三)第二段:分析漫画所揭示的问题(中间段的开始句;升级句式四、五)第三段:提出自己的看法(要点六至八;结尾句中的强调句),完善成文,外在美书写清晰规范,卷面漂亮美观,One possible version:From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. The son,well dressed,waves proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet,sweating.It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families,shouldering the hope of their parents.Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.As a consequence,children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.,
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