优化方案教考资源网 www.yhfabook.com欢迎广大教师踊跃投稿，稿酬丰厚。1判 断 推 理 题判 断 推 理 题 是 仔 细 阅 读 中 难 度 较 大 的 题 型 。 它 要 求 我 们 对 文 章 中 的 内 容 及 作 者 的 思 路 做出 合 理 的 判 断 和 推 理 ， 也 就 是 要 运 用 逻 辑 推 理 能 力 推 论 出 蕴 含 在 文 章 中 却 没 有 明 说 的 事 实 ，及 暗 示 的 含 义 。 由 于 暗 示 的 内 容 和 含 义 是 作 者 想 说 而 未 说 的 ， 因 此 ， 推 理 判 断 题 的 答 案 往 往不 能 从 文 章 中 直 接 找 到 ， 而 要 根 据 据 已 知 的 信 息 来 推 理 。 判 断 推 理 题 常 见 的 提 问 方 式 有 ：1. The writer (author, passage) implies (suggests) that .2. It can be inferred form the passage that .3. Which of the following can be concluded from this passage?4. What does the author conclude about?5. The passage is intended to .6. The first paragraph of this passage is to .7. How does the author seem to feel about this issue?判 断 推 理 在 解 题 时 我 们 要 注 意 以 下 几 点 ：第 一 ， 掌 握 判 断 推 理 题 题 干 中 常 用 的 标 志 性 词 ， 如 suggest, imply, indicate, conclude, infer等 等 。第 二 ， 做 题 时 ， 应 该 先 看 题 目 ， 对 文 章 中 所 涉 及 的 内 容 做 到 心 里 有 数 ， 再 带 着 问 题 在 原文 中 逐 条 核 查 答 案 。第 三 ， 回 答 这 一 类 型 的 题 目 应 该 以 文 章 中 已 经 提 供 的 信 息 和 事 实 为 推 论 的 依 据 ， 领 悟 作者 的 言 外 之 意 ， 进 行 符 合 逻 辑 的 推 断 。例 三 ：What did the author say about her own writing experience？A. She was constantly under pressure of writing more.B. Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.C. She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.D. Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.原 文As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesnt 优化方案教考资源网 www.yhfabook.com欢迎广大教师踊跃投稿，稿酬丰厚。2win the contest again? Thats the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.【 解 析 】 选 D。 这 是 非 常 典 型 的 推 理 判 断 型 题 目 。 这 篇 文 章 讲 述 了 一 个 作 家 母 亲 指 导 女儿 写 作 的 故 事 ， 通 过 作 者 的 亲 身 经 历 向 人 们 揭 示 出 当 今 社 会 的 子 女 教 育 问 题 。 作 者 首 先 回 顾了 自 身 写 作 历 程 的 艰 辛 。 回 答 这 个 题 目 需 要 我 们 进 行 归 纳 总 结 。 选 项 ABC 都 过 于 片 面 ， D 为 正确 答 案 。例 四 ：Why doesnt the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A) She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.B) She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.C) She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D) She finds space research more important. 原 文I dont ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what is like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.the issue started to bother me. My every achievementjobs, research papers, awardswas viewed through the lens of gender (性 别 ) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育 ), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.【 解 析 】 选 B。 这 里 需 要 我 们 推 断 为 什 么 作 者 不 再 想 谈 论 作 为 一 个 女 科 学 家 的 感 受 。 作 者指 出 ， 人 们 不 断 地 询 问 她 在 一 个 男 性 占 支 配 地 位 的 领 域 中 工 作 是 怎 样 的 ， 这 样 的 问 题 本 身 就充 满 了 对 女 性 的 否 定 和 歧 视 。 她 感 兴 趣 的 是 科 学 本 身 ， 而 不 是 这 些 无 聊 的 歧 视 性 问 题 。专 题 训 练Exercise FourThe American Revolution was not a revolution in the sense of a radical or total change. It was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations. Significant cha优化方案教考资源网 www.yhfabook.com欢迎广大教师踊跃投稿，稿酬丰厚。3nges were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking. What happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution. During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on. Americas War of Independence heralded the birth of three modern nations. One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States. Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors. The third newcomer the United States based itself squarely on republican principles.Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose. In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.Q1: In the first paragraph, what does the author suggest about the French and Russia revolution?A. They were explosive and abrup