,图表作文书信,Types,table,pie graph,bar graph,line graph,图 表 作 文 题 型 概 述,1、给出一张统计表或图形，要求首先描述图表的内容，然后对图表所反映的现象进行分析和阐释，最后再提出自己的观点、看法或建议方案等；2、从1990年到2008年，历年六级作文题中出现了7篇图表作文。图表包括pie chart（表示各种事物在总数中所占比例），line graph（表示一种事物上升或下降的趋势），bar graph（表示几种事物在同一时期上升或下降的情况，table（表示多种事物之间的关系）。3、图表作文至少包括描述图表与解释原因两个部分，但描述部分长度一般不要超过解释部分。,(Practice Test 10),图表作文是一种特殊的提示作文，即提示以图表的形式出现，提示的信息隐含在图表之中。考生必须先仔细研读图表，使图表中的数据、曲线、图形等成为与短文标题相关并能为我所用的有意义的信息。 考生读图时务必要把握表层信息和深层含义这两方面的内容，主要考的是考生对图表深层次信息（原因、根源、发展可能等）的挖掘和阐述。 这类作文都可以采用下列统一的标准提纲: 1.现状图表揭示的表面现象 2.原因引起图表表面现象的深层次社会根源 3.发展趋势或启示图表所表述的现象的发展前景（或趋势）及从中我们得到的启示,写图表作文时要注意两点：第一，在描述时，不要“面面俱到”，但要“类类俱到”，即不要把每一项的每一个数据都描述一遍，但一定要把每一项都提到。对于数据的描述，要特别注意选择那些变化最大，最典型，最能说明问题的数据，要在这些数据上做文章。第二，论点要简单明确，要说明一个问题，而不是几个，而且必须是你所选择的数据所表现出来的问题。因此，写前必须明确下列问题：,一 图表作文发展的历史背景,图表作文在四六级98年6月四六级作文合题之前共出现过五次，其中六级四次（均为chart），四级一次(为table)。合题从98年月始到03年1月止，共十次，只是在02年6月考过一次图表作文。之后分题之后，六级在03年6月与9月连续两次考察了图表作文图表作文历来被认为是一种相对高级的写作形式，所以早期多在六级出现。,图表题（table, bar graph, pie chart, line graph）写作逻辑结构：Paragraph I:（1）概括描述图表：趋势描写； （2）具体描述图表：必要数据支持（细节性）。Paragraph II:（1）提出自己理由和观点（本段主题句）； （2）细节性分论点（主要是原因，用于支持自己的观点，至少两点）。Paragraph III:（1）预测未来和提出解决方法； （2）总结全文和表达作者自己观点,2006年6月17日大学英语六级考试作文题目,题目：国外旅游 1。近十年来某城市越来越多人选择出去旅游 2。出现这种现象的原因 3。这种现象可能产生的影响 表格：1995200020051万人近4万12万以上,The above bar chart vividly indicates an upward trend in the number of people who prefer to travel abroad over the last decade. In 1995, there are only 10,000 tourists traveling abroad in X city. In 2000, the figure reached approximately 40,000, and peaked at 120,000 in 2005. There are several reasons for the shocking rise. Foremost, the development of Chinese economy is probably the main reason. Thanks to the deepening of reform and opening up, peoples living standard has been considerably improved. The enormous consuming power people boast makes it possible for them to travel abroad. Also, the past decade witnessed the great development of tourism. Both inbound and outbound travels are available in every travel agency. In addition, the whole world is becoming a small village, so individuals today are expected and encouraged to go outside to widen their horizon and to face the real world of globalization. They hope to have direct contact with exotic cultures around the world. This phenomenon has two sides too. For one thing, it will bring lots of benefits. It will help enhance the mutual understanding between countries. It will boost the tour industry both at home and abroad. For another, the uncivilized behavior of some Chinese tourists may have a negative impact on Chinas image.,Part Writing 30 minutes Directions： For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below 1、上图所示为1990年、1995年、2002年某校大学生事业计算机的情况，请描述其变化； 2、请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明)； 3、你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 Student Use of Computers,Hours a week,2002年6月CET考题,Sample 1,Student Use of Computers Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. Reading this chart, we can find that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply. In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 2002, the number soared to 20 hours. Obviously computers are becoming more and more popular. There are several reasons for this. First, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life. Also, the fast development of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact with friends in remote places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to purchase them.,Along with the time spent on computers, there arise some problems. The most serious one is that many students are spending so much time playing PC games so that they ignore their studies. It is urgent to let the students use computers in a proper way.,Writing Strategies,图表数据的描述 不管是chart还是table，都必须进行描述，而且最好放在文章的第一部分，且长度不宜过短（根据具体情况而定），也不要太长（一般不要超过第二段的长度）。在第一段的处理上总结规律、切中要害（引用数字要见机行事），而不要过细，面面俱到，或者直接得出规律而完全抛开数据。,Writing Steps Paragraph One,图表题的适用句型：第一部分描述图表常用句型As we can see from the chart/ graph/ table/ diagram, .The chart/ graph shows/ displays that .As can be shown in the table .,The figures/ statistics in the chart reflect/ show/ reveal that ., It is clear/ apparent from the chart/ table that .,As is shown in the graph 如图所示 The graph shows that 图表显示 As can be seen from the table, 从表格中可以看出 From the chart, we know that 从这张表中,我们可知 All these data clearly prove the fact that 所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即 The increase of . In the city has reached to 20%. .在这个城市的增长已达到20%. In 1985, the number remained the same. 1985年,这个数字保持不变. There was a gradual decline in 1989. 1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况.,Paragraph Two,第二部分常用句型过渡句Obviously computers are becoming increasingly popular for males and for females. 主题句 Topic SentenceWe believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon. I believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon. In my mind, the reasons why the Internet surfers are on the rise are as follows. Three reasons, I firmly believe, can account for this phenomenon. 插入语属于看似平淡却极富功力的技巧,