大学本科毕业设计（论文）道路交叉口信号控制系统设计Road Intersection Signal Control System Design道 路 交 叉 口 信 号 控 制 系 统 设 计- I -摘 要城市交通灯信号设计是城市道路交通通畅便利的关键。随着城市的发展，机动车数量的增加，城市的交通运输能力关乎工业发展，市民生活和市容市貌。城市交通系统具有时变性，随机性，复杂性和整体性，模糊控制结合专家的经验知识，可以实时调整控制信号，达到理想的控制效果。本文主要以单交叉路口的车流为研究对象，在相位和车道固定的前提下，以每车道的车辆平均延迟时间为检测标准，以此决定当前相位绿灯时间的模糊规则。车辆平均延误时间是评价交叉路口信号控制的设计水平和车辆通行效率的有效方式。它将交叉路口的通行效率，司机的感受，机动车的耗油量结合起来，反应了信号控制的合理性。本文针对以前设计的各种交通灯信号设计的不足之处，做出了适当改进，使其符合美国通行能力手册标准（HCM）。采用简便明了的设计方法，便于司机接受。将设计效果，理论设计值和实际观测值进行比较，利用 MATLAB 仿真工具箱进行仿真，检验信号设计效果。仿真结果表明，和实际值相比，设计方案更加有效，接近理论最佳值。本文研究内容分为以下几个部分：第一章绪论，主要是该论文的课题背景，已有成果和本文需要解决的问题；第二章是简单介绍交叉路口术语，模糊控制方法以及计算公式；第三章给出了实际路口交通流量的勘测数据，以及采用 HCM 中 Webster 算法的理想定时控制信号设计；第四章主要是使用 MATLAB 对交叉路口流量采用模糊控制和 HCM 理想最佳两种方法进行仿真建模，对平均延误时间比较、分析；最后一部分是总结。关键词：模糊控制；延误模型；MATLAB 仿真；交叉路口信号道 路 交 叉 口 信 号 控 制 系 统 设 计- II -Road Intersection Signal Control System DesignAbstractUrban traffic light signal design is a key factor concerning the fluency and convenience of urban traffic system. As the development of city and the increase of motor vehicles amount, urban traffic transportation ability becomes a crucial issue, which affects urban industry, citizens lives and city appearance. Urban traffic system has changeable, random, complex, and integer features. Fuzzy control combined by experts knowledge can adjust control signal concurrently, achieve an ideal control effect.This paper mainly concerns about single cross traffic flow optimization. With a precondition of fixed phases and lanes, tested by average vehicle delay per lane, a fuzzy algorithm of the current phase green-time can be resolved. The average vehicle delay is an effective way to evaluate the lever of intersection signal control design and motor cars passing efficiency. This parameter combines intersections passing efficiency, drivers feeling, and motor cars oil consumption, shows rationality of control signal.To making up the defects of former traffic light designs, this paper improves their plans to let them fit the Highway Capacity Manual standards. It uses a simple and convenient design method, making drivers easy to follow orders. Then it compares actual signal plan, theoretical design, and fuzzy control plan by MATLAB Simulink toolbox, to test signal design effect. The result shows, compared by recent plan, the new designed plan is more effective, closer to the optimum value.This paper content is divided by several sections: the first section is an Introduction, mainly about the background of this paper, recent achievements, and issues to be solved in this paper. The second section brief introduces some traffic terms, fuzzy control methods, and calculates equations. The third section gives actual traffic flow of intersection, uses Webster algorithm to make a better fixed traffic signal. The fourth section simulates intersections traffic flows using MATLAB Simulink toolbox by two approaches of Webster and fuzzy control, compares average delays and analysis the results. The last section is a conclusion of whole passage.Key Words：Fuzzy Control；Delay Model；MATLAB Simulation ；Crossing Signals道 路 交 叉 口 信 号 控 制 系 统 设 计- III -目 录摘 要 .IAbstract .II引 言.11 绪论.21.1 研究背景.21.2 道路通行能力.31.2.1 美国道路通行能力手册（HCM） .31.3 模糊控制理论.31.3.1 模糊控制理论的发展简史.31.3.2 模糊控制理论的应用范围.41.3.3 模糊推理过程.41.4 主要工作.42 交通控制基本理论.62.1 交通控制的设计原则.62.2 信号设计及检测流程.72.3 交通控制的基本术语和方法.72.3.1 定时控制.