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增强学生单词记忆能力教学方法如果我们把语言学习比作盖房子,那么语法是框架,单词就是砖瓦。盖房子不能没有砖瓦,学语言不能没有单词。因此要想学好英语就必须多记、记好单词。有的同学之所以感觉学英语困难,就是因为没有掌握好英语的单词,没有记住该记的单词。学习单词的最佳方法莫过于在适当语境中,通过大量的口头、笔头实践,反复理解中记忆,这是学习语言的规律。因此,我通过自己多年的教学,提倡同学们从以下几个方面巧记单词。1. 利用字母组合,音形结合,分组归类,发现并记忆特殊词,如:1) ea发e音:bread, seater, eather, 特殊词读eigreat2) al发:音:talk, all, small, 特殊词读 :half3) augh发 :音:taught, daughter, aught, 特殊词读 :flaugh利用词尾同音同形,分组归类记忆,区分词首不同,如:1) ould, ould, should 2) kind, mind, find, behind 3) light, right, bright, fight, flight 4) other, another, mother, brother3. 归纳同音同形异义词,如:left left Ma Miss hina found 加前缀的情况mid + 名词,表示“中”、“中间”,如:mid-autumnmis + 动词,表示相反的意思,如:take mistakere + 动词,表示动作的重复,如:retell; returnun + 介词或形容词,构成反义词,如:unhapp; unlike; unusuala + 动词,表示状态, 如:asleep; alive2) 加后缀的情况动词 名词:invent inventor, invention; operate operator, operation; drive driver; read reader; teah teaher; travel traveller; visit visitor形容词 副词:areful arefull; loud loudl; true trul名词 形容词:sun sunn; rain rain; noise nois; friend friendl; Canada Canadian; ool oolen; danger dangerous动词 形容词:help helpful; use useful; enjo enjoable; orr orried; interest interested形容词 名词:different differene; good goodness; foreign foreigner3. 转化法: ater plant orange mind 如:television TV; telephone phone; bile bike; phsial eduation PE同学们接触了不少在“形、义、用”上有关联的单词,将它们按相同、相似或相反等功能分别加以归类对比,可以增强复习的趣味性,印象深刻,有助于保持长久记忆。1. 同义或近义词,如:begin start; learn stud; almost nearl; perhaps mabe; hard diffiult; fast quikl; borro lend; an be able to; sa speak talk tell; see look at ath; hear listen to; man muh a lot of lots of; reah get to arrive atin; look after take are of; enjo oneself have a good time; be good at do ell in; at last in the end finall;反义词,如:free bus; long short; oung old; earl late; empt full; go e; love hate; ask anser; remember forget; up don; inside outside;3. 对应词,如:man oman; father mother; bo girl; bor ro lend4. 形近词,如:lift left; heart heard; quiet quik; feel fell fall5. 用法易混的词,如:take bring; take spend pa ost; sa speak talk; see look; listen hear; too either; man muh英语各类词性的单词变化中,规则词占大多数,因此同学们要学会运用单词的变化规则举一反三,巧记单词,提高学习效率。但是在运用变化规则时仍不可忽视那些不规则变化的单词。单词变化的规则主要有:1. 名词复数的变化。单音节形容词、副词比较级、最高级规则和不规则变化。3. 双音节以上形容词、副词比较级、最高级规则和不规则变化。4. 动词单数第三人称的变化。5. 动词现在分词变化规则。6. 动词过去式、过去分词变化规则。英语单词中有一些积极单词,非常活跃,它们可以组成许多词组,表达不同的含义,但是所涉及到的知识点和用法又比较复杂,同学们在复习中决不可忽视这些单词,可采取以下两种方法复习。1. 围绕一个积极单词展开联想记忆,这样就可以记忆许多固定搭配的词组和常用短语,如:有关e的词组:e in, e up, e on, e from, e bak, e to shool, e ith , e over to m house, e here等等。有关get的词组:get on, get lost, get home, get off, get up, get bak, get don, get dressed, get late, get to shool, get read for, get the message, get armer等等。由一个单词为切入点,以由其组成的词组为主干,进行发散思维,辐射出若干个相联词组,综合记忆,如:有关take的词组及相关词组:take bring; take spend pa ost; take a bus ath a bus b bus; take a rest have a rest; take a alk have a alk go for a alk; take a look have a look look at; take a photo take a piture; take ones time no hurr; take are of look after; take exerise get exerise do sport; take part in join; take plae happen; take turns its ones turn to ; take ones temperature take mediine see a dotor; take off put on在运用上述几种方法进行复习的同时,同学们不要忘记学习语言的基本规律,要主动通过组词造句、背诵默写短文故事 、课外阅读、看图写话及与他人对话练习等形式,眼、耳、脑、手、口并用,做到 “词不离句,句不离文”,由浅入深、由表及里,加深理解、增强记忆,只要养成了良好的学习记忆英语单词的习惯,在词汇量不断增加的情况下,也不会感到学英语的艰苦,而会把学习当成一种乐趣的。
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