*解剖学 anatomy*人体解剖学 human anatomy*系统解剖学 systematic anatomy, descriptive anatomy*局部解剖学 topographic anatomy, regional anatomy*应用解剖学 applied anatomy*临床解剖学 clinical anatomy*外科解剖学 surgical anatomy*解剖学姿势 anatomical position*矢状面 sagittal plane*正中矢状面 median(or midsagittal) plane*冠状面（或额状面） coronal(or frontal) plane*横切面（或水平面） transverse(or horizontal) plane前面（或腹侧面） anterior(or ventral) surface后面（或背侧面） posterior(or dorsal) surface上端（或颅端） superior(or cranial) end下端（或尾端） inferior(or caudal) end内侧（尺侧或胫侧）缘 medial(ulnar or tibial)border外侧（桡侧或腓侧）缘 lateral(radial or fibular)border近侧端（或上端） proximal(or upper) end远侧端（或下端） distal(or lower) end内面 internal(or interior)surface外面 external(or exterior)surface浅层 superficial layer深层 deep layer *头 head*颅 cranium, skull*额 front*枕 occipit*颞 temples*耳 ear*面 face*眼 eye*鼻 nose*口 mouth唇 lip*颈 neck, cervix, collum*躯干 trunk*背 back*胸 thorax, chest*腹 abdomen脐 umbilicus*盆部 pelvis四肢 limbs, extremities*上肢 upper limb*肩 shoulder腋 axilla*臂 arm*肘 elbow*前臂 forearm*手 hand腕 wrist掌 palm*鱼际 thenar*小鱼际 hypothenar*手指 finger*拇指 thumb示指 index finger*下肢 lower limb*髋 hip*股（又称大腿) thigh*膝 knee*小腿 leg*踝 ankle, malleolus*足 foot跗 tarsus跖 sole*趾 toe 骨及骨连结 bone and joint*骨学 osteology*骨骼 skeleton*骨骼系统 skeletal system*骨 bone中轴骨 axial skeleton附肢骨 appendicular skeleton*长骨 long bone*短骨 short bone*扁骨 flat bone*不规则骨 irregular bone*骨密质 compact bony substance*骨松质 spongy bony substance*骨膜 periosteum骨内膜 endosteum*黄骨髓 yellow bony marrow*红骨髓 red bony marrow骺 epiphysis骨干 diaphysis干骺端 metaphysis*骺软骨 epiphysial cartilage*骺线 epiphysial line滋养孔 nutrient foramen髓腔 medullary cavity突 process棘 spine隆起 eminence粗隆 tuberosity结节 tuber, tubercle嵴 crest线 line窝 concavity, fossa凹 fovea小凹 foveola压迹 impression腔 cavity窦 autrum, sinus管 canal, duct孔 foramen,opening口 mouth, apertura, aditus, ostium裂孔 hiatus髁 condyle上髁 epicondyle缘 margin切迹 notch, incisura纤维连结 fibrous joint韧带连结 syndesmosis缝 suture软骨连结 cartilaginous joint*关节 articulation, joint*关节面 articular surface关节软骨 articular cartilage*关节囊 articular capsul*纤维层 fibrous layer*滑膜 synovial membrane*关节腔 articular cavity*韧带 ligament*关节盘 articular disk*关节半月板 articular meniscus*关节唇 articular labrum滑膜关节 synovial joint平面关节 plane joint球窝关节 ball and socket joint椭圆关节 ellipsoid joint车轴关节 pivot joint鞍状关节 saddle joint*屈 flexion*伸 extension*收 adduction*展 abduction*旋转 rotation