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英语音标学习认识几个定义:1、音素 英语语音中最小的发音单位。2、元音 发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍。3、辅音 发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节 说话时最小的语音片段。 一个可以为单个元音(如 I/a/) ,或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音(如 tree /tri:/) 。单词可以根据音节数量分为:单音节词,双音节词和多音节词。5、开音节 以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节,即辅音+元音(如 me, he 等) ;或以不发音字母 e 结尾(如 name, come 等) 。6、闭音节 以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音,即元音+辅音(如 it, pen, pick 等) 。7、重读 在双音节或多音节单词中,有个音节必须读得特别强而重,而其它音节读得相对弱而轻,这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号“ ”表示。8、清音和浊音(辅音) 发音时声带不振动叫清辅音;声带振动叫浊辅音。音标基础学习一、英语共有 48 个音素,元音 20 个,辅音 28 个元音1. 长短:/i:/ / /:/ / /:/ / /U:/ / / 2. 大小:/e/ / /:/ /3. I 组:/e/ /a/ /4. U 组:/ /a/5. 组:/ /e/ /清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ / /s/ / /t / /tr/ /ts/ /h/ 浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ / /z/ / /d/ /dr/ /dz/ /r/ /m/n/ / / /w/j/注:s 与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时,通常是清辅音被浊化, /p/ /t/ /k/ 它们浊化后,分别发成: /b/ /d/ /g/二26 个字母在单词中的具体发音a 1. /ei/ name able cake table take date2. / apple cat map am match matter sad and angry 3. /: / dance last pass plant 4. / want what watch wash5. / a arrive along alike aloud e 1. /i:/ he she me evening meter 2. /e/ elephant egg bed pen best get empty February next then send 3. /i/ enjoy English eleven because foresti 1. /ai / fine bike five ice climber hiking kind 2. /i/ is sit miss pig picture interesting ill dinner him listen pick rivero 1. /u / old home nose coke tomato tofu over hold piano2. / dog not clock box robot on from forest often stop3. / son month mother love young4. /u:/ who do whoseu 1. /ju: / use usually excuse menu2. /bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must3. / u / put pull helpfulb /b/ book big bag boxc 1. /k/ clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain clothes2. /s/ face nice pencil city cinema d /d/ desk doll dog dad day dont dish does deepf /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funny g 1. / gun glass glad go get 2. /d / age orange villageh /h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospitalj / d/ jeep jacket jump Jan. July Junek /k/ kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake like l 1. /l/ leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play 2. /l/ apple bowl tell old tail whale m /m/ am map my mouth milk n 1. /n/ no know new hand 2. / thank think thing uncle swingp /p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please policemanq /kw/ quite quilt quick r /r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror librarys 1. /s/ sit miss this salty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass 2. /z/ nose those rose rulers seasont /t/ it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plantv /v/ five very seven village livew /w/ we window watch want wait water Wednesday winter withx /ks/ box six fox relaxy 1. /ai /my fly why bye 2. / j / yes yellow young yesterday3. / i /happy baby very windy snowy study z / z / zoo zero三、常见字母组合(一)元音组合 ai /ei/ wait paint ay /ei/ may play day say air / / air hair chair al /:/ tall small ball ar /: / farther farm car arm ea /i:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready /i/ theater ear / i / ear hear near / bear /:/ earth ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeep eir / their er / worker teacher /:/ her ere /i/ here / where there ew /ju: / new few /u: / flew grew ight /ai / right high bright ir /: / bird girl shirt thirty oa /u/ boat coat ong /o/ long song oo /u/ book foot good /u:/ moon balloon or /:/ short fork port /: / word world work oor /:/ door floor ore /:/ more store sore ou /au/ out house mouth our /:/ four your /au/ our ow /u/ bowl window /au/ now cow flower oy /oi/ boy toy ur /: / turn (二)辅音组合 th / thank mouth / / this that with tr /tr/ tree train truck dr /dr/ dress driver sh / shirt wash short ch /t / child chair catch / k / school Christmas / d/ sandwich tw /tw/ two twin twenty wh /w/ white wheel what /h/ who whose whom ts /ts/ jackets kites ds /dz/ birds friends (三)特殊组合 tion /n/ question nation 四、单词重音(word stress)英语单词分为单音节词,双音节词和多音节词。含有一个元音音素的字母组合叫做一个音节,由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词,如 bedbd,daddd.由两个音节构成的词叫双音节词,如 funny fn ,famous fems 由两个以上音节构成的单词叫多音节词,如 delicious dls 英语单词如果有一个以上的音节则有重读音节和非重读音节,由符号“ ”表示,如 about baut。有的多音节词有两个重音,一个是主重音,一个是次重音,或两个都是主重音,次重音用符号“, ”表示,标在次重音的左下方。如 anybody n,bd。双音节的重音一般落在第一个音节上,多音节的重音通常为倒数第三个音节,如documentary ,dkjmntr,grandfather grnd,f。四句子重音(sentence stress)一个句子中,实词(名词,实义动词,数词,形容词,副词等)重读;虚词(冠词,介词)不重读。英语音标练习题一、口语练习(一)读出下列单词:1. /i:/ /i/ /e/ /bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ril/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will /pk/ /gp/ /tr/ /ng/ /rm/ /btl/ /sed/ /hpi/ /setl/ /dipend/pack gap trash nag
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