一名词的种类1According to the new tax law, any money earned over that level is taxed at the of 59 per cent.A.ratio B. percentage C. proportion D. Rate 【详解】答案为 D，按照新的税收法，凡是收入超过邢个标准的都要按 59%的税率征税。名词词义和用法辨析题。rate“比率”通常用于 at the rate of(按.的比率)，故 D 正确。ratio“比，比率”，多以具体数据体现两个关系平行的事物的数量之比，所涉及的两个比较项必须同时出现；percentage“百分比” ，因后面已经出现百分数，可排除此项； “比例”，通常用于 in proportion to（依照比例；和.相比）和 in the proportion of (以.的比例）2The police have offered a large for information leading to the robbers arrest.A. award B. compensation C.prize D.reward【详解】答案为 D，警方已经开出了大额悬赏，希望有人能提供有助于抓获抢劫犯的消息。reward 表示“酬劳、报酬、奖赏”一般指因为做了某件事或提供了某种服务而应得的报答或酬谢。在本中，reward 表示给提供消息的人报酬或奖赏，符合题意，选 D。award表示“奖，奖品，奖金”；prize 的含义与 award 非常相似，也表示因出众的表现而获得的“奖品，奖金”，经常与某次考试、竞赛相联系；compensation 表示“补偿，赔偿”3Drive straight ahead，and then you will see a to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway.A.sign B. mark C.signal D.board【详解】答案为 A，直接向前开，然后你会看见一个路标指向上海一南京高速公路。sign“标记，记号，征兆”，尤指标准化的、复杂的或记号的形状本身带有指向意义的符号，还可指手势。在本甸用作“路标”这种标准化且带有形状含义的标记，符合题意。mark“标志，痕迹，记号”；signal “信号”，通常指特定情况下对有关人员发出的声音或行为；board“(供特殊用途的)木板”。二名词单复数4“Look! The police _ here to keep order! Go away quickly,” one of them shouted.A. is coming B. comes C. are coming D. has come【详解】C ，特殊类群体名词 police / cattle 做主语时，谓语动词用复数；“警察”个体用 policeman / policewoman；牛的个体用 a head of cattle。5The commander said that two_ would be sent to the Iraqi front the next day.A. womens doctor B. women doctors C. womens doctors D. women doctor【详解】B ，复合名词的复数中含有构词成分 man / woman 时，将变为 men / women, 且所修饰的名词也要变成复数。6Which of the following determiners（限定词）can be placed before both singular count and plural count nouns ？A.many a B.few C.the next D.such【详解】C 考察限定词与名词的搭配。C 项 the next 既可修饰单数可数名词，又可修饰复数可数名词，如 the next morning，the next three days，故 C 为正确选项。A 项 many a 只可修饰单数可数名词；B 项 few 只修饰复数可数名词；D 项复数可数名词和不可数名词，修饰单数可数名词时要加上不定冠词 a、an。7.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. Fifteen miles are not a short walk to a 5-year-old kidB. Ten dollars was paid tor the dress. C. Neither my parents nor my brother is coming. D. Only one out of six were absent at the meeting. 【详解】A A 项的主语 fifteen miles 是复数名词，句中的 a short walk 提示应将 Fifteen miles 视作表示距离的一个整体，谓语动词应用 is 故错误。B 项中主语 Ten dollars 可视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式 was paid。O 项中的 Neither.Nor 连接两个并列主语，谓语动词的单复数依据“就近原则”使用 is coming。D 项中主语由 one out of+复数名词构成，在正式语体中，谓语动间用单数 was，非正式语体中按“就近原刚”用复数 were。8The politics of the former regime rejected by the new government leadership.A.was B.were C.has D.have【详解】B 译文，前政权的那套治国方法为新政府的领导人所摒弃。以-ics 结尾的表示学科或疾病的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如 politics， statistics，linguistics 等等。但如果这些词转义表示具体的实践活动、性能，现象，则是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。本题politics 表示 治国方法，且由 by 可知应用被动语态，故 B 正确。9.These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _ you need.A. all the information B. all of informationC. all the informations D. all of the informations【详解】information 是不可数名词 ,没有复数形式,故 C、D 本身是错误的又因为 all of 后面接不可数名词时,名词前须有定冠词,C 也不可选只能选 A三名词所有格10.Which of the following italicized parts indicates a predicate-object relationship （动宾关系）？A. Mr. Browns suitcase went missing. B. The prime Ministers arrival has been reported. C. I was impressed by the girls story. D. The criminals punishment will be ten years in prison. 【详解】D 考查名词属格的意义，A 项 Mr， Browns suitcase 表所有关系；B 项 The prime Ministers arrival 表主谓关系；C 项 the girls story 表 来 源 ; D 项 The criminals punishment 表动宾关系，可理解为 punish the criminal。11.I walked too much yesterday and _ are still aching now. A. my legs muscles B. my muscles of leg C. my leg muscles D. my muscles of the leg【详解】C 表达“腿部肌肉”，只能说 leg muscles，不能用“s ”或“of”所以格。因为腿不是肌肉的所有者，只表明肌肉的部位。四名词在句中的作用（作定语、宾语）12Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. The United States is a country with varied originsB. My mathematics are rather shakyC. The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost the strategic importance. D. One pair of scissors arent enough. 【详解】D 剪刀 这类由两部分构成，且以-S 结尾的名词作主语，不带 pair 等单位词时，视为复数形式，而带单位词时，则由单位词的单、复数形式决定动词单、复数，D 项的 arent 错误，故选 D。 A 正确因为以-S 结尾的国名，视为一个整体，作单数；B 项以-ics 结尾的学科名词，取其他意义时，便可用作复数，这里的 mathematics 表示“运算能力”；以-S 结尾，且不表示国名的地理名称作主语时常作复数，因此 C 正确。13.He was _ to tell the truth even to his closest friend. A. too much of a coward B. too much the coward C. a coward enough D. enough of a coward【详解】A much of + 名词= 与该名词有关的形容词.本题 much of a coward=cowardly.至于 too+形容词原级+to+动词原形,表示“太.而不能.”的结构,是我们比较熟悉的。14Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _.A. intention B. attempt C. purpose D. desire 【详解】B ，比较： attempt 尝试，企图；intention 意图；purpose目的；desire 欲望。