1【original text】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. 【translation】只有两个在世界先进国家没有提供有薪请假照顾新生婴儿的保证。【language points】Paid leave from work 带薪休假的工作Leave n 休假；许可，同意【original text】Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. 【translation】上一次春天，两个国家中的一个，澳大利亚，2011 年开始通过确立带薪产假放弃这种被质疑的差别。【language points】Paid family leave 带薪产假；探亲假【original text】I wasnt surprised when this didnt make the news here in the United Stateswere now the only wealthy country without such a policy.【translation】我并不惊讶，当这个消息并没有在美国被报导我们现在是唯一一个没有这项政策的富裕国家。2【language points】Make the news 被报导；使有新闻价值【original text】The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. 【translation】美国确实有一个明确的家庭政策，家庭与医疗假法，在 1993 年通过。【language points】Explicit adj 明确的，清楚的【original text】It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. 【translation】它赋予工人多达 12 周的新生儿的或与家庭医疗保健问题的处理无薪假期。【language points】Entitle sb to 使某人拥有的权利，赋予某人的权利As much as 差不多【key structures】Care 在这里是名词，是“照料”的意思3【original text】Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as government-run personnel management and a dangerous precedent. 【translation】尽管适中的利益，商务部和商会等商业团体激烈战斗它，描述为“政府办人事管理”和“危险的先例”它。【language points】Modesty n 适中，适度Chamber n 室，房间；会所Bitterly adv 苦涩地，悲痛地，残酷地，怨恨地Government-run n 政府运作的【original text】In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.【translation】其实，每一个步骤的方式，为（通常）民主党领导人都试图引入执法工作与家庭平衡的措施，商业团体一直强烈反对。【language points】In fact 事实上，实际上Democratic n 民主党4【original text】As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. 【translation】正如耶鲁大学法学教授安妮 Alstott 认为，在某种意义上说，证明抚养的合理性取决于将家庭界定为社会必须为其支付的社会商品。【language points】Law n 法学Parental adj 亲代的，亲本的Parental support 抚养【original text】In her book No Exit: What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is no exit when it comes to children. 【translation】在她的书中没有出口：什么儿童和家长欠他们什么社会欠父母，她认为父母在生活中的许多方面都有负担：当涉及到儿童便没有“退路” 。【language points】Burdened adj 负荷的5Lives n 生活，life 的复数形式Come to 谈到，涉及【original text】Society expectsand needsparents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. 【translation】 “社会期望和需要，家长提供持续的照顾自己的孩子，这意味着特别护理和贴心的呵护，这种呵护（护理）是人类需要发展自己的智力、情感和道德能力。【language points】Intensive care 特别护理【original text】And society expectsand needsparents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed.【translation】与社会的期望和需要，家长坚持对自己的角色18 年或更长的时间，如果必要的。【language points】Persist in 坚持6【original text】While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care. 【translation】 “虽然大多数家长做这样的爱，也有不提供公共服务的处罚。【original text】What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. 【translation】父母在做什么，换句话说，就是对国家的深切关注，因为明显的原因：照顾子女不仅是道义上的紧迫，而是为了社会的未来至关重要。【original text】The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes. 【translation】在大量的管理儿童福利的家庭法律上，国家承认这一点，但当父母到了改变人生的、社会强加给他们的义务时，他们只得到了很少的帮助。【original text】To classify parenting as a personal 7choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; 【translation】因为没有共同的责任而将父母对子女的养育归为个人选择,不仅仅是为了忽略好的父母养育子女的社会利益。【language points】Classify as 把分类为Parenting n 父母对子女的养育Collective adj 集体的，共同的，集合的【key structures】For which 引导的定语从句，可以将其翻译成“因为；为其”【original text】really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue (不断积累) to the whole of society as todays children become tomorrows productive citizenry (公民). 【translation】真的，它是为了窃取那些好处，因为它们将其归于整个社会，当今天的儿童变成明天的有生产力的公民。【language points】Accrue v 获得；积累Accrue to （利益）归于（某人）【original text】In fact, by some estimates, the value 8of parental investments in children, investments of time and money (including lost wages), is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. 【translation】事实上，根据一些估计，投资在儿童的父母，时间和金钱（包括工资损失）的投资，价值相当于国内生产总值的20-30。【language points】Be equal to 相等【original text】If these investments generate huge social benefitsas they clearly dothe benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.【translation】如果这些投资产生巨大的社会效益，像他们做的那样，为家庭提供更大社会支持的福利应该是更清晰的。【language points】That much 那么