专题 10 状语从句-2014 年高考英语考纲解读及热点难点试题演练状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步状语从句，共 9 种，是每年必考的语法项目，主要考查连词的判断选用，主句与从句谓语动词的时态运用。其中，以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。近几年，重点考查的连词有：when，while，as，before，unless，however 等。近三年，高考有考查状语从句、宾语从句、名词性从句交叉运用的题型出现。1(2013北京，30)I took my driving license with me on holiday，_I wanted to hire a car.Ain case Beven ifCever since Dif only2(2013湖南，23)You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason_you reach any decision.Aalthough Bbefore Cbecause Dunless3(2013江苏，28)In the global economy，a new drug for cancer，_it is discovered，will create many economic possibilities around the world.Awhatever Bwhoever Cwherever Dwhichever4(2013江西，28)She says that shell have to close the shop _ business improves.Aif Bunless Cafter Dwhen5(2013辽宁，24)One can always manage to do more things，no matter_full ones schedule is in life.Ahow Bwhat Cwhen Dwhere6(2013山东，26)Mark needs to learn Chinese_his company is opening a branch in Beijing.Aunless Buntil Calthough Dsince7(2013山东，28)_I have to give a speech，I get extremely nervous before I start.AWhatever BWhenever CWhoever DHowever8(2013陕西，18)I have heard a lot of good things about you _ I came back from abroad.Asince Buntil Cbefore Dwhen9(2013四川，7)He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son_he wants to.Aeven if Bas if Cbecause Dbefore10(2013重庆，25)_ we have enough evidence，we cant win the case.AOnce BAs long as CUnless DSince考点 1、时间状语从句【例 1】 He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.Aas Bif Cunless Dthough【例 2】 He had no sooner finished his speech_ the students started cheering.Asince Bas Cwhen Dthan【例 3】 Im sorry youve been waiting so long，but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back.Abefore Bsince Ctill Dafter【特别提醒】1before 的译法before 的基本意义是“在之前” ，但在不同的语境中可灵活翻译为“(没过多久)就” ，“(过多久)才” ， “还没来得及就” ， “趁(还没有)时” 。例如：It wont be long before the problem is solved.用不了多久这个问题就能解决。It was two years before we met again.我们两年后才再次见面。She shut the door before I could say a word.我还没来得及说句话，她就把门关上了。We have to act quickly before things become worse.我们必须趁事态还没恶化时尽快采取行动。2可引导时间状语从句的名词词组及副词名词词组 the moment，the instant，the minute，the first time，each time，every time 等以及副词 immediately，instantly 等也可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。例如：I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很不好。The fans cheered loudly the moment their favourite singer appeared on stage.喜欢的歌手一上台，歌迷们就大声欢呼。Ill inform you immediately theres any change.如果情况有变，我会马上通知你。考点 2、让步状语从句【例 4】 Since you like the car so much，why not buy it?_，I cant afford it.AAs I like it much BMuch as I like itCI like it as much DAs much I like it【例 5】 _ hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.AHowever BWhatever CWhichever DWhenever【例 6】 _ volleyball is her main focus，shes also great at basketball.ASince BOnce CUnless DWhile【特别提醒】as 引导的让步状语从句as 引导让步状语从句时，要把作表语的形容词、名词，作状语的副词或谓语的一部分提到句首，如果是单数名词作表语，把它提到句首时，其前不用冠词。具体分为以下几类：1“ 名词as主语其他”构成让步状语从句，单数名词前不加冠词。如：Scientist as he is，he is still as modest as before. 不能用 although，scientist前不用冠词2“ 动词as主语其他”构成让步状语从句。如：Struggle as he might，he was not able to get out. 不能用 although3“ 形容词as主语其他”构成让步状语从句。如：Crazy as his ideas may sound，some people think there is something in them. 不能用 although4“ 副词as主语谓语”构成让步状语从句。如：Much as I have traveled，I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John. 不能用 although 难点 1、条件状语从句【例 1】 I have a tight budget for the trip，so Im not going to fly _ the airlines lower ticket prices.Aonce Bif Cafter Dunless【例 2】 Ones life has value _ one brings value to the life of others.Aso that Bno matter howCas long as Dexcept that【例 3】 You can borrow my car _ you promise not to drive too fast.Aunless Beven ifCin case Das long as【特别提醒】1条件状语从句的引导词引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有 if“如果” ，unless“如果不，除非” ，so/as long as“只要” ，on condition that“只要，条件是” ，providing/provided(that)“假如” ，in case(that)“如果” 。注意：条件状语从句中的 if 不能用 whether 替换。2if only 与 only if 之间的区别(1)if only 意为“但愿，要是就好了” ，其后常用虚拟语气。If only he had followed the doctors advice，he would not suffer so much now.(2)only if 意为“只要，只有”引导真实条件句。置于句首时，其后的主句要用部分倒装语序。Only if you finish your work before nine can you go out to play.难点 2、地点状语从句【例 4】 A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.Awhen Bwhere Cbefore Duntil【例 5】 Leave your key with your neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.Aas long as Beven though Cin case Das if【例 6】 Did you return Freds call?I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow.Athough Bunless Cwhen Dbecause【例 7】 Jack wasnt saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever.Aas