12010 年职称英语考试卫生 A 完型填空练习Margaret Sanger and Birth ControlMargaret Sanger, an American nurse, was the first to start the modern birth control moment in the United States. In 1912, she _51_ publishing information about womens reproductive concerns through articles and books. In 1914, Sanger was charged _52_ violation of the Comstock Law, which federal legislation had passed in 1873 forbidding the mailing of sexy material _53_ information about birth control and contraceptive devices. Though she was put in hail for these activities, Sanger _54_ to publish and spread information about birth control. She and her sister Ethel Byme opened the first of several birth control clinics in America on October 16,1916, in Brooklyn, New York.The Comstock Law was rewritten by Congress in 1936 to _55_ birth control information and devices. Many states had laws forbidding distribution or use of contraceptive devices but the constitutionality of these laws was increasingly _56_, In 1965, the Supreme 2Court of the United States rules that married people have the right to practice birth control without government intervention. In 1972, the court _57_ that unmarried people have the same right.Today there are more birth control options _58_, but overpopulation and unwanted pregnancies remain worldwide _59_. Having more children than one can support may lead _60_ poverty, illness, and high death rates for babies, children, and women.The problem of teenage pregnancy is _61_ worse in the United States _62_ in almost any other developed country. Studies show that birth rates for women under 20 are higher in the United States than is 29 other _63_ countries. A detailed study suggested that the problem of teenage pregnancy in the United States may be _64_ to less sex education in schools and lower availability of contraceptive services and supplies to young people. This study _65_ the view of people in the United States who argue that sex education or making 3contraceptive supplies available to school-age children promotes sexual activity.51 A. offered B. refused C. took D. began52 A. of B. with C. for D. to53 A. denying B. linking C. including D. understanding54 A. continued B. started C. kept D stopped55 A. exclude B. spread C. forbid D. include56 A. accepted B. questioned C. confirmed D. favored57 A. permitted B. knew C. suspected D. held58 A. than never before B. than before everC. than before never D. than ever before59 A. beliefs B. problems C. gossips D. doubts60 A. on B. at C. by D. to461 A. considerably B. adequately C. enough D. more62 A. as B. for C. than D. over63 A. developing B. developed C. poor D. acceptable64 A. related B. popular C. loyal D. concerned65 A. regards B. suggests C. supports D. countersHeart Attack In the United States, and especially in big cities and rural areas, tens of thousands of people with hearts that should be good 51 to keep them alive die each year for lack of adequate first aid. In New York City, for example, a new study has shown that only one person in 100 outside of hospitals 52 after the heart suddenly stops pumping. In contrast, in Seattle, the survival 53 after such heart attacks is one in five.“The difference can be traced 54 the effectiveness of the chain of survival,” Dr. Joseph P. Ornato said. 5“Each link in the 55 must be strong enough for many lives to be 56.”The chain begins with an immediate telephone 57 for emergency help and the start within four minutes of the process needed for restarting the 58 working, by a family member or bystander. It continues with the prompt arrival within eight 59 ten minutes of a rescuer equipped with a special instrument that can shock the heart back to a normal rhythm. And it ends with the administration of advanced emergency care by nurses to maintain the hearts ability to survive until the doctor at the hospitals take 60.when one or more links in this chain fail or function too slowly, the 61 of a victim surviving heart attack falls rapidly. Because of widespread weaknesses in the chain of 62, experts in emergency heart care estimate that 20,000 to 80,000 people 63 needlessly of heart attack each year, a number comparable to the 55,000 killed annually in automobile 64.One expert says, “Sending an emergency vehicle to a heart attack victim 65 the special equipment is 6like having policemen with guns but no bullets. They may put on a good show, but they lack the weapon needed to get the job done.”51 A. much B. enough C. many D. too52 A. dies B. stops C. survives D. wakes53 A. speed B. thing C. people D. rate54 A. to B. at C. form D. on55 A. list B. process C. step D. chain56 A. saved B. taken C. born D. accepted57 A. number B. call C. line D. worker58 A. person B. brain C. heart D. body59 A. by B. to C. and D. toward60 A. over B. about C. on D. out61 A. cause B. start C. event D. chance62 A. survival B. luck C. help D. death63 A. live B. die C. survive D. come764 A. production B. inci