www.kaobo100.comwww.kaobo100.com中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校东北大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析东北大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析 PassagePassage OneOneA is for always getting to work on time.B is for being extremely busy.C is for the conscientious(勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job.You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when itcomes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business shouldinclude a P, for politics, as in office politics.Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard workalone doesnt ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sellyourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet,despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politicsa betterjob, a raise, praisemany people are still unableor unwillingto“play the game.”Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhenti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua: siling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba ,huo jia zi xun qq: qi qi er liuqi ba wu san qi.“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative(工于心计的) behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professorof management at Hofstra University. “But politics derives from theword polite. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. Itcan mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior,and then expecting something in return.”In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behaviorwww.kaobo100.comwww.kaobo100.com中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校used to pursue ones own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases,this involves some form of socializing within the officeenvironmentnot just in large companies, but in small workplaces aswell.“The first thing people are usually judged on is their abilityto perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P. Lewis, amanagement psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up fora promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manageris going to promote the person he or she likes best. Its simple humannature. ”Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have troublewith the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say,have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Stillothers associate politics with flattery(奉承), fearful that, if theyspeak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their bossfor favors.Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing theneed for some self-promotion.1.“Office politics” (Line 2, Para. 4) is used in the passageto refer to _.A) the code of behavior for company staffB) the political views and beliefs of office workersC) the interpersonal relationships within a companyD) the various qualities required for a successful careerwww.kaobo100.comwww.kaobo100.com中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校2.To get promoted, one must not only be competent but _.A) give his boss a good impressionB) honest and loyal to his companyC) get along well with his colleaguesD) avoid being too outstanding3.Why are many people unwilling to “play the game” (Line 4, Para.5)?A) They believe that doing so is impractical.B) They feel that such behavior is unprincipled.C) They are not good at manipulating colleagues.D) They think the effort will get them nowhere.4.The author considers office politics to be _.A) unwelcome at the workplaceB) bad for interpersonal relationshipsC) indispensable to the development of company cultureD) an important factor for personal advancement5.It is the authors view that _.A) speaking up for oneself is part of human natureB) self-promotion does not necessarily mean flatteryC) hard work contributes very little to ones promotionD) many employees fail to recognize the need of flatteryPassagePassage TwoTwoAs soon as it was revealed that a reporter for Progressivemagazine had discovered how to make a hydrogen bomb, a group of firearmwww.kaobo100.comwww.kaobo100.com中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校(火器) fans formed the National Hydrogen Bomb Association, and theyare now lobbying against any legislation to stop Americans from owningone.“The Constitution,” said the associations spokesman, “giveseveryone the right to own arms. It doesnt spell out what kind of arms.But since anyone can now make a hydrogen bomb, the public should beable to buy it to protect themselves.”“Dont you think its dangerous to have one in the house,particularly where there are children around?”“The National Hydrogen Bomb Association hopes to educate peoplein the safe handling of this type of weapon. We are instructing ownersto keep the bomb in a locked cabinet and the fuse (导火线) separatelyin a drawer.”“Some people consider the hydrogen bomb a very fatal weapon whichcould kill somebody.”The spokesman said, “Hydrogen bombs dont kill peoplepeoplekill people. The bomb is for self-protection and it also has adeterrent effect. If somebody knows you have a nuclear weapon in yourhouse, theyre going to think twice about breaking in.”“But those who want to ban the bomb for American citizens claimthat if you have one locked in the cabinet, with