ChapterIThe Renaissance Period一、学习目的和要求 通过本章学习，了解文艺复兴运动和人文主义思潮产生的历史，文化背景，认识该时期 文学创作的基本特征和基本主张， 及其对同时代及后世英国文学乃至文化的影响； 了解该时 期重要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构，人物刻画，语言风 格，思想意义等；同时结合注释，读懂所选作品，了解其思想内容和写作特色，培养理解和 欣赏文学作品的能力。二、考核要求(一)文艺复兴时期概述 1. 识记：（1）文艺复兴时期的界定 （2）历史文化背景 2. 领会:（1）文艺复兴运动的意义与影响 （2）文艺复兴时期的文学特点 （3）人文主义的主张及对文学的影响 3. 应用：文艺复兴，人文主义及玄学诗等名词的解释Brief Introduction to the Renaissance PeriodI.应用Definitions of the Literary Terms: 1. The Renaissance: The Renaissance marks a transition from the medie val to the modern world. Generally, it refers to the period between the 14 th Epithalamion (159 5), a poem expressing the deep personal feelings occasioned by the poets second marriage; Amoretti (1595), a series of sonnets.3. 领会 His Influence 1) Main qualities of Spensers poetry a perfect melody a rare sense of beauty a splendid imagination a lofty moral purity it also reveals mans frustrationinrealizing the high aspirationsina hostile moral order. The last scene,inwhich Faustus confronts his doom, brilliantly renders the fear they are individuals representing certain types. Each character has his or her own personalities; meanwhile, they may share features with others. Th e soliloquiesinhis plays fully reveal the inner conflict of his characters. Sh akespeare also portrays his charactersinpairs. Contrasts are frequently us ed to bring vividness to his characters.The womeninthe plays are vivid creations, each differing from the ot hers. Shakespeare was fond of portraying “mocking wenches,“ such as Kat e of the Taming of the Shrew, Rosaline of Loves Labors Lost, instead, he borrows them from some old plays or storybooks, or from ancient Greek every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main Any mans death diminishes me, bec auseIam involvedinmankind, it tolls for thee.“3. 领会 Characteristics of His Poems Donnes poetry is subtle, complex, then the grief is deepened by the sense of irrecoverable lossinthe silencing of a young poet. With t his bitter sense of loss, Milton asks why the just the three unities of time, space regularityinconstruction should be adhered to the three unities of time, space regularityinconstruction should be adhered to, the book quickly turns into a great novel of the open road, a “comic epicinprose“, whose subject is “the true ridiculous“i n human nature, as exposedinallits variety as Joseph a romance: The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abyssin ia (1759); a tragedy: Irene (1749); several hundred essays which appeare dinthe two periodicals under his editorship-The Rambler he must please, but he must also instruct; he must n ot offend against religion or promote immorality; The Duenna(1775), a comic opera; The Critic(1779), a burlesque some emigrated to the colonies; some sank to the level of farm laborers he was a rebel innocently whatever he imagined, he also saw. As an imaginative poet, he presents his viewinvisual images instead of abstract terms. Blake writes his poemsinplain the valley of the Wye itself, the quiet center of the returning wanderers t houghts is described with a detail that conveys a sense of natural order at once vivid the ship stopped; the hot tropical sun shone all day long. The other sailors died of thirst one after another, while the mar iner alone was alive, being torturedallthe time with thirst each corresponding cha ngeinthe soul of the mariner is registered. The whole experience is an or deal of oppressive weariness.(2) “Kubla Khan“ was composedina dream after Coleridge took theopi um. The poet was reading about Kubla Khan when he fell asleep. The ima ges of the river, of the magnificent palace the “pleasure-dome,“ the product of human imaginative vision is the devic e (poetry) which will reconcile the opposites; lines 12 throu gh 30 are iambic pentameter which is poly-rhythmicinits diversity; lines 31 through 34 areina lilting iambic tetrameter shifting to a couplet of ia mbic pentameterinlines 35 he giv es his strong support to the Spanish people fighting for their national inde pendences; he laments over the fallen Greece, expressing his ardent wish that the suppressed Greek people should win their freedom; he glorifies th e French Revolution while on the Continent, he was hailed as the champion of liberty, poet of the peop le. Byrons poetry has great influence on the literature of the whole world. Across Europe, patriots here Shelleys rhapsodic Asia, his brid e Prometheus is unbound. The play is an exultant workinpraise of humank inds potential, generally each line contains 4 accen ted syllables. The rhyme scheme for each stanza is uniformly aabb. The la st two stanzas of the poem are ironically addressed to those workers who submit passively to capitalist exploitation. They serve as a warning to the working people, thatifthe latter should give up their struggle they would be digging graves for themselves with their own hands compared to the pr eceding stanzas, these lines appear weak PrideEm ma (1815) gives the